; -
■
76
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF
[Feb.,
Single type here designated: 9; Colorado, [1884]; Morrison; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Hesperotettix pratensis (p. 64). ,
Based on forty males and sixty-eight females from thirty localities. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Dallas, Texas, July 18;
Boll; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS tenuipennis (p. 70).
Based on a single male: figured; Fort Grant, Graham County, Arizona; U. S. N. M. Collection.
iEoLOPLUS elegans (p. 71).
Based on one male: figured; Las Cruces, Donna Ana County, New Mexico, August 8, [1893]; T. D. A. Cockerell; U. S. N. M. Collection.
iEoLOPLUS REGALIS Sc' (p. 71).
Nee Caloptenus regalis Dodge or Melanoplus regalis Bruner.
New name, JEoloplus bruneri Caudell (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., Vol. VIII, p. 134, 1906).
Based on five males and forty-one females from seven localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf; Lakin, Kearny County, Kansas, elevation 3,000 feet, July-September; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLTJS CALIFORNICUS (p. 73).
Based on one male and four female specimens from California. Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; California; Burrison; from Henshaw; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS UNIFORMIS (p. 77).
Based on a pair from two localities.
Single type here designated: unique figured <? ; Fort Whipple, Yavapai County, Arizona; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS ARIZONENSIS (p. 78).
Based on five males and four females from one locality. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Fort Whipple, Yavapai County, Arizona; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS OCULATTTS (p. 79).
Based on one male: figured; Mohave, Arizona; Wickham; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Bradynotes caurus (p. 83).
Based on two male and six female specimens from three localities.
' l
ft tiTfe
V I >
.*\ »
PROCEEDINGS
OF
The Academy of Natural Sciences
OF
PHILADELPHIA
VOLUME LX1V
/.9/2
philadelphia : The Academy of Natural Sciences
LOGAN SQUARE 1912-1913
The V \m mi of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
February 8, 1913.
I hereby certify thai printed copies of the Proceedings for 1912 were mailed as follows: —
Pages 1 so April 3, 1912
81 128 May 14,1912
L29 152 May 23, 1912
•' L53 L68 July 5, 1912
•• 169 280 August, 8, 1912
• I'M 376 September 6, 1912
" :;77 lln September 26, 1912
•• Ml 186 November 27, 1912
" 487-534 January 30,1913
•• 535 566 February 13, 1913
EDWARD J. NOLAN,
Recording Secretary.
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE!
Hi \kv Skinner, M.D., Witmer Stone, A.M.,
Henry A. Pilsbry, Sc.D., William J. Fox,
Edward J. Nolan, M.D. The President, Samuel G. Dixon, M.D., LL.D., ex-officio.
EDITOR: Edward J. Nolan, M.D.
7 / v1
CONTENTS
For Announcements, Reports, etc., see General Index.
PACE
Berry, S. Stillman. A catalogue of Japanese Cephalopoda
(Plates V-IX) 380
Brown, Amos P., and Henry A. Pilsbry. Note on a collection
of fossils from Wilmington, North Carolina (Plate I) 152 Fauna of the Gatun Formation, Isthmus of Panama. II (Plates XXII-XXVI) 500
Bryant, Henry G. Government agencies in the advancement of geographical knowledge in the United States (ab- stract) 148
Caudell, A. N., and Morgan Hebard. Fixation of the single type (lectotype) specimens of species of American Orthoptera. Section II. See Rehn and Hebard 157
Celebration of the One Hundredth Anniversary of the
Founding of the Academy. 129
Colton, Harold Sellers. Lymnsea columella and self- fertilization 173
Conklin, Edwin G. Experimental studies in nuclear and
cell division in the eggs of Crepidula (abstract)* 131
Donaldson, Henry H. The history and zoological position of
the albino rat (abstract)* 136
Fowler, Henry W. Descriptions of nine new eels, with notes
on other species 8
Records of fishes for the Middle Atlantic States and Virginia 34
Fukuda, T. Statistical studies on variation in the wing- length of a butterfly of the subfamily Satyrinse 277
Harshberger, John W. The vegetation of the Banana
Holes of Florida (abstract) 134
Heath, Harold, and Ernest A. McGregor. New polyclads
from Monterey Bay, California (Plates XII-XVIII) 455
jv ( 0NTENTS.
PAGE
Holland, William J. David Alter, the first discoverer of
spectrum analj sis (abstrad I 134
Hoi STON, Edwin J. How the natural sciences can be made
attractive to the young (abstract) 143
Howe, Marshall A. Reef-building and land-forming sea- weed- (abstra 137
Jacobs, Merkel II. Physiological characters of species
(abstract) 146
Lyman, Benjamin Smith. Natural history morality 138
M< Ai ik. \Y. L. The experimental method of testing the efficiency of warning and cryptic coloration in protecting animal- from their enemies 281
Macfarlane, John M. The relation of protoplasm to its
environment (abstract)* 147
Mai ry, Carlotta .). A contribution to the paleontology of
Trinidad (abstract)* 132
Meigs, Edward B., and L. A. Ryan. The ash of smooth
muscle (abstract) 136
\i lson, .1. A. Structural peculiarities in an abnormal queen
bee 3
<>snni!\. Henry Fairfield. Tetraplasy, the law of the four
inseparable factors of evolution (abstract)* 144
Parker, George Howard. Sensory appropriation, as illus- trated by the organs of taste in vertebrates (abstract)* 147
Pennell, Francis. Kurt her notes on the flora of the Conowingo
or Serpentine Barrens of southeastern Pennsylvania 520
Pilsbry, Henry A. On the tropical element in the molluscan
fauna of Florida (abstract ). 142
bi.nv James A. G. The orthopteran inhabitants of the
Sonoran creosote bush (abstract) 143
R] n\. .1 wn;s A. (I., and Morgan Hebard. Fixation of single
type (lectotype) specimens of species of American
Orthoptera. Set Caudell and Hebard ■ 60
A revision of the genera and species of the Group Mogo-
plistii (Orthoptera: Gryllidse) found in North America
north of the Isthmus of Panama 184
Orthoptera found on the Florida Keys and in treme southern Florida. I 235
Shufeldt, R. W. Notes on a prehistoric race of Yucatan
'Plate- XIX XXI) 492
CONTENTS. V
PAGE
Skinner, Henry. Mimicry in butterflies (abstract)* 141
Smith, Burnett. Observations on the structure of some coral
beds in the Hamilton Shale (Plates X, XI) 446
Stone, Witmer. Fauna and flora of the New Jersey Pine
Barrens (abstract) 149
A new Synallaxis 365
Thompson, Will F. The protoconch of Acmsea. ... 540
Trotter, Spencer. The faunal divisions of eastern North
America (abstract) * 142
True, Frederick W. A new species of Delphinodon (ab- stract)* 155
Vanatta, E. G. Phenacolepas malonei, n. sp 151
A new species of Vertigo from Florida 445
Wherry, Edgar T. The Triassic of Pennsylvania 156
Apparent sun-crack structures and ringing-rock phenomena in the Triassic Diabase of Eastern Pennsylvania (Plate
II) , 169
Silicified wood from the Triassic of Pennsylvania (Plates
III, IV) 366
Age and correlation of the "New Red" or Newark group in Pennsylvania 373
* These papers are published in full in the Commemorative volume of the Academy's Journal (XV).
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
OF
PHILADELPHIA.
1912.
January 2. Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., in the Chair.
Nineteen persons present.
The Council reported the appointment of the following Standing Committees to serve during the year:
Finance. — John Cadwalader, Edwin S. Dixon, Charles Morris, James D. Winsor, and the Treasurer.
Library.— Thomas H. Fenton, M.D., Thomas Biddle, M.D., George Vaux, Jr., Henry Tucker, M.D., Frank J. Keeley.
Publications. — Henry Skinner, M.D., Witmer Stone, A.M., Henry A. Pilsbry, Sc.D., William J. Fox, Edward J. Nolan, M.D.
Instruction and Lectures. — Henry A. Pilsbry, Sc.D., Charles Morris, Witmer Stone, A.M., Henry Tucker, M.D., George S. Morris.
Mr. Frank J. Keeley was appointed Curator of the William S. Vaux Collections.
George Vaux, Jr., waS appointed the Solicitor of the Academy.
Dr. Henry Leffmann made a communication on recent advances in photography as aids in teaching natural historj-. (No abstract.)
2 pro* eedings of the academy of [jan.,.
January 16. Henry Tu< ki.i:. M.D., in the Chair.
Forty-four persons present.
The deaths of the Rev. Charles A. Dickey, June 10, 1910, and of Edward Potts, January 4, 1912, members, were announced.
William L. Bailey made a beautifully illustrated communication on an ornithological trip to the Magdalen Islands. (No abstract.)
G. B. Haekel, Edwin B. Bartram, and Henry D. Pratt were elected members.
The following were elected Correspondents:
Viktor Goldschmidt, of Heidelberg; Charles Haskins Townsend,, Sc D., of New York; Carlotta J. Maury, Ph.D., of New York; John ('. Brainier. Ph.D., LL.D., of Leland Stanford Jr. University.
The following was ordered to be printed:
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
STRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES IN AN ABNORMAL QUEEN BEE. BY J. A. NELSON, PH.D.
In May of the present year. (1911) the Bureau of Entomology received through the kindness of The A. I. Root Company, Medina. Ohio, an abnormal queen bee, together with the cell from which she emerged. These had been originally sent to the company by the Rev. A. Francois, Parish Priest of Grand Bay, B. W. I. Father Francois also sent a letter containing the following data : The queen was hatched in 18 days after the colony became queenless, the cell being formed on drone comb. She was very active and Father Francois mistook her for a hermaphrodite, "half queen and half drone."
»
The queen when received was alive, and appeared to be in good condition. It was planned to introduce her into a colony to test her fertility, but she perished by an accident before this could be carried out. A careful examination of the exterior of the dead queen showed nothing abnormal or unusual in the structure of the head, thorax, or appendages. The abdomen, however, was of a very unusual shape. Instead of the long tapering conical form charac- teristic of the normal queen bee (fig. 1 D), it was in this case broadly ovate, as fig. 1 A and C show. Moreover, the three terminal segments were bent strongly ventrad, so that the outline of the abdomen suggests that of the drone, having a blunt apex, and doubtless was the cause of Father Francois' supposition that this bee was her- maphroditic. A more careful examination of the abdomen disclosed further abnormalities. In correlation with the unusual breadth of the abdomen, the sternites of the 5th and 6th segments are much broader than in the normal queen (fig. 1C). They are, moreover, somewhat asymmetrical, as is also the sternite of the 4th segment, although to a slighter degree. Most modified of all is the sternite of the 7th segment. In the normal queen (fig. 1 D) this has approxi- mately the outline of an isosceles triangle with a small notch at its caudal apex. In the abnormal queen (fig. 1 C) this plate is so much reduced by shortening in the longitudinal axis that it is almost com- pletely covered and concealed by the sternite of the 6th segment.
2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Jail.
January 16. Henry Tucker, M.D., in the Chair.
Forty-four persons present.
The deaths of the Rev. Charles A. Dickey, June 10, 1910, and of Edward Potts, January 4, 1912, members, were announced.
William L. Bailey made a beautifully illustrated communication on an ornithological trip to the Magdalen Islands. (No abstract.)
< i. B. Haekel, Edwin B. Bartram, and Henry D. Pratt were elected members.
The following were elected Correspondents:
Viktor Goldschmidt, of Heidelberg; Charles Haskins Townsend, Sc.D., of Xew York; Carlotta J. Maury, Ph.D., of New York; John C. Branner, Ph.D., LL.D., of Leland Stanford Jr. University.
The following was ordered to be printed:
I*.
LM3L9LML9' j-
1912.]
NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
STRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES IN AN ABNORMAL QUEEN BEE. BY J. A. NELSON, PH.D.
In May of the present year .(1911) the Bureau of Entomology received through the kindness of The A. I. Root Company, Medina, Ohio, an abnormal queen bee, together with the cell from which she emerged. These had been originally sent to the company by the Rev. A. Francois, Parish Priest of Grand Bay, B. W. I. Father Francois also sent a letter containing the following data : The queen was hatched in 18 days after the colony became queenless, the cell being formed on drone comb. She was very active and Father Francois mistook her for a hermaphrodite, "half queen and half drone."
The queen when received was alive, and appeared to be in good condition. It was planned to introduce her into a colony to test her fertility, but she perished by an accident before this could be carried out. A careful examination of the exterior of the dead queen showed nothing abnormal or unusual in the structure of the head. thorax, or appendages. The abdomen, however, was of a very unusual shape. Instead of the long tapering conical form charac- teristic of the normal queen bee (fig. 1 D). it was in this case broadly ovate, as fig. 1 A and C show. Moreover, the three terminal segments were bent strongly ventrad, so that the outline of the abdomen suggests that of the drone, having a blunt apex, and doubtless was the cause of Father Francois' supposition that this bee was her- maphroditic. A more careful examination of the abdomen disclosed further abnormalities. In correlation with the unusual breadth of the abdomen, the sternites of the 5th and 6th segments are much broader than in the normal queen (fig. 1C). They are, moreover, somewhat asymmetrical, as is also the sternite of the 4th segment, although to a slighter degree. Most modified of all is the sternite of the 7th segment. In the normal queen (fig. 1 D) this has approxi- mately the outline of an isosceles triangle with a small notch at its caudal apex. In the abnormal queen (fig. 1 C) this plate is so much reduced by shortening in the longitudinal axis that it is almost com- pletely covered and concealed by the sternite of the 6th segment.
.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF
[Jan.,
This reduction of the 7th segment in part accounts for the strong downward flexure of the abdomen. In addition, the caudal notch is very wide and deep, with a semicircular outline, and extends over fully one-half of the posterior border of the segment, The sting is also slightly abnormal, having a kink about midway of its length.
Fig. 1. — A, B, and C, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of abdomen of abnormal queen. D, abdomen of normal queen, ventral view. X 5.
An examination of the internal organs showed other and more fundamental peculiarities. The poison glands, poison sac and spermatotheca (fig. 2 A) in their size and structure display no apparent abnormalities. The spermatotheca was empty, indicating that the queen was a virgin. The digestive tract also seemed to be normal. The sex organs, however, were strikingly modified. The left ovary (fig. 2 A and B), together with its duct, was entirely wanting. The right oviduct (fig. 2 B, OvD) was present, but compressed in a dorso- ventral direction, and bent in the sagittal plane into a sigmoid curve.
1912.1
NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
AG1D
Attached to its upper end was a fusiform opaque whitish mass (Ov) 1.8 mm. in length, apparently representing a single egg tube, and seemingly containing only a single egg.
As fig. 2 A and B show, the external openings of the poison apparatus on the one hand and the spermatotheca and vagina on the other are very close together. In the normal queen this is not the case since they are separated by a considerable interval, which is taken up by the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix. It is evident, therefore,, in the case under consideration, that the bursa is very much shortened 'in an antero-posterior direc- tion, in correlation with the shortening of the sternite of the 7th abdominal segment.
The cause of the abnor- malities recorded here is entirely unknown. The cell from which this queen emerged was to all appearances en- tirely normal. Moreover, these abnormalities cannot be re- lated to the sexual char- acters of the drone or the worker, except in so far as the reduction of the ovaries
OvD
SpmGID
BG1
PsnScD
Fig. 2. — A, poison apparatus and sex or- gans of abnormal queen from dorsal side. X 1\. B, ovary and oviduct of abnormal queen. X 10. AG1D, duct of acid gland. BG1, alkaline gland. Ov, ovary. OvD, oviduct. PsnSc, poison sac. PsnScD, duct of same. Spm, spermatotheca. SpmGID, duct of same.
is peculiar to the worker, but in the latter case they are symmetrical. The queen is not in any way hermaphroditic, but merely abnormal in the reduction of certain parts of the abdominal wall and viscera.
6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
February 6.
Mr. Stewardson Brown in the Chair.
Thirteen persons preseitt.
The Publication Committee reported as follows:
An "Index to the scientific contents of the Journal and Proceed- ings of the Academy" and a "History of the Academy" by the Recording Secretary had been accepted by the Centenary Sub- Committee on Printing and Publication to be issued in connection with the celebration of the One Hundredth Birthday of the society.
The following papers had been accepted as contributions to the ( Centenary Commemorative volume (the fifteenth of the quarto Journal) :
"Human Spermatogenesis: Spermatocytes and Spermatogenesis," by Thomas H. Montgomery Ph.D. (Received November 28, 1911.)
"Early Adaptation in Feeding Habits of Starfishes," bv John M. Clarke, A.M., LL.D., Ph.D. (Received December 16, 1911.)
"A Contribution to the Paleontology of Trinidad," by Carlotta J. Maury, Ph.D. (Received December 27, 1911.)
The following had been accepted for publication in the Pro- ceedings:
"Structural Peculiarities in an Abnormal Queen Bee," by J. A. Nelson, Ph.D. (December 21, 1911.)
"Description of nine new Eels, with notes on other species," by Henry W. Fowler. (January 24, 1912.)
"Record of Fishes from the Middle Atlantic Coast and Virginia," by Henry W. Fowler. (January 24, 1912.)
The meeting was held in association with the Botanical Section.
Mr. Benjamin H. Smith made a communication on recent species of Cretsegus. (No abstract.)
John H. Harshberger, Ph.D., spoke of the physiography and vegetation of the Florida Everglades. (No abstract.)
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
February 20. Witmer Stone, A.M., in the Chair.
Twenty-nine persons present.
A resolution was adopted conveying a vote of thanks to Charles Marquedent Burns for an oil portrait of the Recording Secretary presented at the last meeting.
The Publication Committee reported in favor of publishing a paper entitled " Fixation of Single Type (Lectotype) Specimens of species of North American Orthoptera (Section One)," by James A. G. Rehn and Morgan Hebard (February 9) in the Proceedings.
The following had been accepted for publication in the Centenary Volume :
"Description of a new Fossil Porpoise of the genus Delphinodon from the Miocene Formation of Maryland." By Frederick W. True. (February 10.)
"Mimicry in Boreal American Rhopalocera." By Henry Skinner, M.D., Sc.D. (February 15.)
"The Petrographic Province of Neponset, Massachusetts," by Florence Bascom. (February 20.)
Prof. Ulric Dahlgren made a communication, beautifully illus- trated, on the production of light by animals. (No abstract.) The subject was discussed by Dr. Edward Anthony Spitzka.
Frederick Ehrenfeld and Francis B. Bracken were elected members.
The following were ordered to be printed:
8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
DESCRIPTIONS OF NINE NEW EELS, WITH NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES.
BY HENRY W. FOWLER.
All the material treated in this paper is contained in the collection of The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
ALEBIDJE. Alebes rufus (Macleay).
Two from Victoria, Australia.
MONOPTERIDiE. Monopterus albus (Zuiew).
Five from Batu Sangkar and seven from Padang, Sumatra. Of the latter three are now in Stanford University.
SYNBRANCHIDJE. Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch.
Eleven examples from Peru, Pebas, Ambyiacu River, Surinam, Rio Grande do Sul, and Sao Joao to Rio Negro and Chapada in Brazil.
ANGUILLIDiE. Anguilla anguilla (Linnanis).
Sweden; Lake Lucerne, Switzerland; Munich, Germany; Italy (Bonaparte 398, 399, 400), Arno River. Twenty-four examples.
Anguilla japonica Schlegel.
Yodo River, Wakanoura, Matsushima and Kurume, Japan. Twenty-two examples.
Anguilla chrisypa Rafmesque.
Boston, Nantucket, Wood's Holl, Massachusetts; Noank, Con- necticut; Long Island, New York; lower James River, Virginia; mouth of Kentucky River; Miami and Bayport, Florida; San Diego, Texas; Santo Domingo and St. Martins, West Indies. Besides many examples representing these localities, I have listed multitudes elsewhere from the Middle States region.
Anguilla mauritiana Bennett.
One from Padang, Sumatra; two from Samoa; two from Philip- pine Islands.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 9
Anguilla tricolor McClelland.
One from Padang and two from Batu Sangkar, Sumatra. One of last now in Stanford University. Anguilla australis Richardson.
One from Victoria, Australia.
SIMENOHELYIDJE.
Simenchelys parasiticus Goode and Bean.
One from N. Lat. 42° 37' W. Long. 66° 55' in 200 fathoms.
SYNAPHOBRANCHID^l. Synaphobranchus pinnatus (Gray).
One from N. Lat. 44° W. Long. 58° 30' in 160 fathoms.
LEPTOCEPHALIDiE. Leptocephalus conger (Linnaeus).
Atlantic City, Ocean City, Beesley's Point and Corson's Inlet, Xew Jersey; Italy. Seventeen examples.
Leptocephalus marginatus (Valenciennes).
Two from Christmas Island (W. H. Jones) and two from Hawaii (J, K. Townsend?), in Pacific Ocean.
Leptocephalus myriaster (Brevoort).
One from Hiroshima and eight from Tokyo, Japan.
Leptocephalus nystromi Jordan and Snyder.
Two from Nagasaki, Japan.
MICROCONGER subgen. nov. Type Leptocephalus caudalis sp. nov.
Differs from the subgenus Leptocephalus in the well-developed caudal fin.
(Mj/cpds, small ; Koyypo? or l'»yypn<>, the ancient name of Leptocephalus.)
Loptocephalus caudalis sp. nov. Fig. 1.
Head 7k; depth 21^; head width 3£ its length ; snout 4; eye 6^; maxillary 2f ; mouth cleft 2|; interorbital 9; pectoral 3|; head 1| to dorsal origin; head 2| to anal origin.
Body long, rather well compressed, especially behind, and tail tapering long and slender.
Head long, greatest width about equals its greatest depth, profiles nearly alike. Snout long, not especially cavernous, surface convex, upper profile nearly straight, basal width about equals its length, and tip slightly protruding beyond mandible end. Eye ellipsoid,
10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
rather large, close to upper profile, without eyelid, centre a little before first third in head. Mouth rather large, wide, rictus extending back behind pupil centre, though not quite opposite hind eye edge. Maxillary extends back trifle behind hind eye edge. Lips rather fleshy, broad laterally. Jaws strong. Teeth largely uniserial, uniform in size, conic, sharp-pointed, close-set and slightly inclined back along edges of jaws. In upper jaw front patch of slightly larger premaxillary teeth, these conic, sharp-pointed, and form continuous area back on front of vomer. Vomerine teeth similar to premaxillary teeth, in somewhat triangular area with apex directed back or towards pharynx, and teeth rather sparse behind. No other teeth on mouth roof. Teeth in mandible not continuous across symphysis, and an outer and inner series of small similar teeth on anterior portion of each ramus. Tongue smooth, elongate, rather narrowly triangular, and free in front. Mandible strong, shallow,
Fig. 1. — Leptocephalus caudalis Fowler. Typo.
with low rami. Front nostril in short fleshy tube near snout tip. Hind nostril simple pore close before front rim of eye. Interorbital narrowly constricted bony ridge, surface convex.
Gill-opening begins opposite supero-median pectoral ray bases, curves slightly forward in crescent, about If in eye. Pharynx but little swollen.
Skin smooth. A pair of pores on upper lip at snout tip between nasal tubes, and immediately behind though more widely separated at point about first fourth in snout length another pair. Still closer than either of these pairs a third pair of inconspicuous pores on snout superiorly placed about first third in its length. A series of 6 pores from close after nasal tube till below lower front eye edge. Row of 9 pores on lower side of head beginning close behind man- dibular symphysis, and last one just below opercle front on branchi-
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 11
ostegal region. Vertical series of 3 small pores behind eye short space on side of head. L. 1. complete, a little high at first, then midway along tail side, and extending short space on tail. From above pectoral origin about 112 pores in 1. 1., of which 30 before vent. L. 1. with about 7 pores before pectoral base, where continued on head side till its origin above opercle front.
Dorsal, anal, and caudal continuous, first with origin about midway in depressed pectoral length. Dorsal and anal moderately high, radii fine. Caudal large, length 1| in head, with numerous fine radii, contour elongate and sharply pointed behind, median rays longest. Pectoral small, elongate, inserted about midway in depth, radii fine, and fin rather pointed behind. Vent close before anal.
Color in alcohol largely dull or uniform russet-brown, lower surface of head and abdomen slightly paler. Snout tip deep brown. Iris slaty. Fins all plain pale brown. Edges of vertical fins narrowly dusky, becoming nearly blackish posteriorly. Lips and gill-opening pale.
Length 6f inches.
Type No. 1,055, A. N. S. P. Off Lower California. Dr. W. H. Jones.
Only the type known, and apparently distinguished from all other species of the genus by its large caudal fin.
(Cauda, tail; with reference to the large caudal fin).
Congrellus balearicus (De la Roche).
Four from Italy.
Congrellus anago (Schlegel).
Congrellus meeki Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 347, PL 11. Bay of Tokyo, Japan.
Three from.Tokyo, Japan. One of these is typical of Congrellus meeki. Two others from Wakanoura. Japan.
Congrellus bowersi (Jenkins).
One from Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands.
Bathycongrus mystax(De la Roche).
One from the Mediterranean.
Atopichthys nuttalli sp. nov. Fig. 2.
Head 12|; depth 12J; head width 2| in its length; head depth at occiput 2; snout 5J; eye 2>\; maxillary 2h; interorbital 3|; muscular segments about 17 + 143?.
Body oblong, greatly compressed, sides flattened, and only taper-
12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
ing at head and end of tail so that long median area of similar great depth. Tail tapering rather suddenly, more acuminate than head. Head widest part of body, little deeper than wide, profiles similar. Snout conic, width about f its length and latter slightly projects beyond mandible. Eye large, impinging on upper profile, at first third in head, slightly ellipsoid. Mouth large, little oblique, nearly
Fig. 2. — Atopichthijs nuttalli Fowler. Type.
straight in commissure, and latter reaches about hind pupil edge. Teeth deciduous? (if present), as jaws at present entirely edentulous. Tongue far back, little developed. Mandible shallow, rami low, as seen from below rather attenuated. Nostrils small, well separated, similar, anterior near snout end and posterior close before eye. Interorbital moderately convex.
Gill-opening about f in eye, inferior, nearly vertical or but slightly inclined forward, and begins above nearly opposite and close before pectoral origin.
Body naked, smooth, myomeres distinct.
Vertical fins low, continuous around caudal, latter very small, short and scarcely developed or less than | in eye. Dorsal begins behind head a space about equal to eye and postocular region of head. Anal begins about first § in total length. Pectoral well developed, rather high. Vent not distinct, apparently close before anal.
Color in alcohol uniform pale brownish, and no dark chromato- phores "evident now, if ever present in life.
Length 5\1- inches (146 mm.).
Type No. 1,042, A. N. S. P. Hawaiian Islands. Thomas Nuttall.
Only the type known. This is evidently a young apodal fish, possibly of Leptocephalus or some allied genus. I have not been able to locate it among any of the numerous forms described, as it differs in the combination of characters expressed in the above description.
(Named for Thomas Nuttall, from whom it was obtained many years ago.)
MTJR^ENESOCIDiE. Muraenesox savanna (Cuvier).
An example 40 inches long from Santo Domingo, West Indies.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 13
Also a dried skin without data, though likely from the Mediterranean? (Bonaparte?). These examples show onl}r such minor discrepancies as may be attributed to age, individual variation, or their preparation as specimens.
EOHELID^B. Echelus myrus (Linnaeus).
Two large examples from the Mediterranean. One contained the remains of a squill.
Myrophis vafer Jordan and Gilbert.
Two from Panama (McNiel). Chilorhinus suensonii Lutken.
Three from Santa Cruz, West Indies.
Muraenichthys devisi Fowler.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 421, fig. 2. Victoria, Australia. No. 33,120, A. N. S. P., type.
Muraenichthys ogilbyi Fowler.
L. c, p. 423, fig. 3, Victoria, Australia. No. 33,121, A. N. S. P., type.
OPHICHTHYID^. Dalophis coecus (Linnseus).
One from the Mediterranean.
Holopterura plumbea Cope.
Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. Phila., (2) XIV, 1871, p. 482. West Africa. No. 22,964, A. N. S. P., type.
Leiuranus semicinctus (Lay and Bennett).
Two from Hawaii.
Chlevastes elaps sp. now Fig. 3.
Head 17^; depth at vent 65|; D. about 557 + 25; A. about 263; head width 3| its length; head depth 2f; snout 5f; mouth 3§; interorbital 7£; eye 2\ in snout; gill-opening If; head 8| to vent; about 8 pores in 1. 1. before gill-opening, and 160 more to end of tail, of which 78 between gill-opening and vent.
Body extremely elongate, subcylindrical or but moderately com- pressed with convex sides, and long tail only appreciably tapering near end.
Head small, rather compressed, with swollen pharynx, and upper profile much more evenly convex than lower. Snout convex over surface and in profile tip firm, basal width It its length. Eye small
14
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF
[Feb.,
ellipsoid, without eyelid or skin of head extending over entirely, centre about first f in head. Mouth small, commissure but slightly curved, rictus extends well behind eye. Lips rather broad, especially upper, fleshy, entire. Teeth all molar-like or rounded, upper lateral series distinct from vomerine or premaxillary, rather irregu- larly uniserial, begins about midway in snout length and continues back till opposite hind eye edge. Premaxillary and vomerine teeth continuous, former a little large and exposed below in front of closed mandible tip, and latter like lateral upper jaw teeth, though con- tinued a little further posteriorly. Mandibular teeth irregularly biserial, anterior a little enlarged, not continuous across symphysis, and extend well back towards rictus. Tongue not evident. Man-
m a
Fig. 3. — Chlevastes daps Fowler. Type.
dible strong, shallow, symphysis obtuse. Anterior nostril in fleshy tube, before mandible tip, on upper lip. Posterior nostril large pore, with outer cutaneous edge opening downward below lower eye front. Interorbital evenly convex.
Gill-opening small, inferior, inclined back moderately.
Skin rather thin, smooth. Head with number of fine longitudinal wrinkles, though these mostly on pharynx. Some pores on mandible and lower side of head, these inconspicuous.
Dorsal origin nearer snout tip than gill-opening by space equal
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 15
to If eye-diameters, fin begins high at origin, and remains so till well posterior, when but little lower. Dorsal ends about 1^ head-lengths from tail tip, after which a smaller low dorsal still posterior, this, however, only extending back about half way to tail tip. Anal little lower than dorsal, moderately developed, and posteriorly ends before end of dorsal. Tail end compressed, pointed, tip rather slender and flexible. Pectoral small, base broad, short, length about half basal width. Vent close before anal.
Color in alcohol largely pale or very dull brownish generally. Broad brownish transverse band over interorbital and down along each side of mandible, not continued below. Second head band about midway in head length, wider above than below. Third brown band of normal and regulation pattern, includes gill-opening, and continued below. This followed by 10 more on trunk and 12 on tail after vent, very few incomplete below. Alternating with bands 1 to 5 spots or blotches of dark brown in pale interspaces. Where close to vertical fins both spots and transverse bands con- tinued on them. All dark blotches and bands with decidedly darker brown edges than their general color, line of demarcation between them slight, though greatly contrasting with pale color. Iris pale gray to slaty.
Length 27f inches.
Type No. 1,001, A. N. S. P. Philippine Islands.
This form approaches Chlevastes oculatus (Bleeker),1 which has the narrow dark transverse bands 3, or more than 3, times narrower than the spotted or blotched interspaces.
Murcena colubrina Boddaert2 shows 30 dark complete rings, the first including snout tip, second includes eye, and third would apparently include gill-opening, which is not satisfactorily indicated.
Murcena annulata Ahl3 and M. fasa'ata Ahl4 are two species the original accounts of which I have been unable to consult.
For Opkisurus altemans Quoy and Gaimard5 figure an example with 31 dark and mostly complete rings, though only a few spots in a few of the interspaces. Their figure also indicates the dorsal origin over the gill-opening. Ophichthys naja De Vis6 is said to
1 Ophisurus fasciatus var. oculata Bleeker, Atlas Ich., IV, 1864, p. 64. East Indies.
- Neu. Nord. Beytr., II, 1781, p. 56, PL 2, fig. 2. Amboyna.
3 Mur. Oph. Thunb., 1789, p, 8, PI. 1, fig. 1. East Indies.
4 L. c, p. 9. East Indies.
5 Voy. Uranie, Zool, 1824, p. 243, PI. 45, fig. 2. Guam.
6 Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 1883 (1884), p. 455. South Sea Islands.
16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
have 27 dark rings, and some of the pale interspaces with a large oval spot. Its teeth are also said to be flat tubercular molars. (Elaps, a genus of serpents, some of which have a similar color- pattern.)
Cirrhimuraena chinensis Kaup.
Two from Padang, Sumatra. One of these is now in Stanford University.
Microdonophis erabo Jordan and Snyder.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. S70, fig. 17. Misaki, Japan. No. 26,224, A. N. S. P., paratype.
Myrichthys oculatus (Kaup).
One from St. Martins, West Indies.
Myrichthys magnificus (Abbott).
Pisoodonophis magnified Abbott, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 476. Hawaiian Islands.
No. 1,013, A. N. S. P., type of P. magnified, Abbott. Also paratype No. 1,014, same data. The former is 27 inches long, though in the original description it is given as 19 inches.
Gunther has recently7 merged Ophisurus ophis (which he says is not Murcena ophis Bloch) Lacepede, M. tigrina Ruppell, M. maculosa Cuvier and Ophichthys stypurus R. Smith and Swain, in the synonymy of this species. However, Jordan and Davis long ago8 pointed out that Ophisurus ophis Lacepede is evidently after "Bloch, as is shown by the enumeration of fin rays" and allow it, together with Murcena ophis Linnaeus, as questionable synonyms of Ophichthus havannensis (Schneider) .
Murcena maculosa Cuvier is based on Lacepede's Ophisurus ophis, which in turn is also based on M. ophis Bloch from Surinam?. Now Ophisurus guttatus Cuvier is based directly on M. ophis Bloch, so both of Cuvier's names are more likely synonyms of the American 0. havannensis (Schneider).
Murcena tigrina Rtippell9 is figured as showing the dorsal origin over the gill-opening, and the same is also stated in the text. The dark spots are indicated on the figure as quite large and regular, especially on the anal and belly. The eye is shown a little anterior in the mouth cleft. Ruppell also says "der nicht sonderlich ge- spaltene Mund und der Gaumen mit mehreren Reihen Hakenzahne
" Journ. Mus. Godeffroy (F. Siidsee), XVII, 1910, p. 401.
8 Rep. U. S. F. Com., XVI, 18S8 (1892), p. 629.
9 Atlas. Reis. N. Af., Zool., 1S28, p. 118, PI. 30, fig. 2. Mohila, Red Sea.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 17
besetzt." It would seem from this that his fish is not even a Myrich- thys.
Myrichthys stypurus (Smith and Swain)10 may be identical with the present species, but several minor differences may at least be detected, such as its hind pectoral edge being lunate, dorsal and anal fins persisting almost to the tail tip where quite high, and the disposition of the spots.
For these reasons I decline to follow Glinther.
OphichthllS rufus (Rafinesque).
Four frcm Italy.
Jordan and Davis state that the "description of Echelus rufus fits this species better [than Echelus polyrinus Rafinesque12], but the figure not at all." This is not true of my examples. Rafinesque's figure, though crude, is largely identifiable with the present species. The position of the dorsal and anal origins are correctly indicated, as well as the pectoral, though the snout is a little more pointed. In any case I feel obliged to adopt it, also because Bonaparte long ago used it in his MSS. Ophisurus hispanus Bellotti13 will then be a synonym. I may further note that Jordan and Davis give14 the vomerine teeth as biserial, though in my examples they are all uniserial. Moreau's rough figure of 0. hispanus15 agrees with my material.
Ophichthus triserialis (Kaup).
Herpetoichthys callisoma Abbott, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 475. Pacific Ocean.
No. 38,148, A. N. S. P., type of H. callisoma Abbott.
Ophichthus stenopterus (Cope).
Ophichthys stenopterus Cope, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. Phila,, (2) XIV, 1871, p. 482. Japan.
No. 1,043, A. N. S. P., type of 0. stenopterus Cope. No. 1,044,
same data, paratype.
Ophichthus uniserialis (Cope).
Ophichthys uniserialis Cope, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. Phila., XVII, 1877, p. 31. Pecasmayo Bay, Peru.
No. 21,152, A. N. S. P., type of 0. uniserialis Cope.
10 Ophichthys stypurus R. Smith and Swain, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., V, 1882, p. 120. Johnston I.
11 Rafinesque, Car. Nuov. An. Sicil, 1810, p. 65, PI. 16, fig. 2. Palermo.
12 Rafinesque, Ind. It. Sicil, 1810, p. 69. Palermo.
13 Accad. Fisic. Med. Statist. Milano, Sed. 23 dicembr. 1857.
14 Ophichthus hispanus Jordan and Davis, Rep. U. S. F. Com., XVI, 1888 (1S92), pp. 624, 628. Palermo.
^Hist. Nat. Poiss. France, III, 1881, p. 584, fig. 212. Cannes, Nice. 2
18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Ophichthus ocellatus (Le Sueur).
One from Catolera, South America.
Ophisurus serpens Lacepede.
One from Italy.
MUR^JNID^.
Enchelycore nigrocastaneus (Cope).
Gymnothorax nigrocastaneus Cope, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. Phila., (2)' XIV, 1871, p. 483. St. Martins, West Indies.
No. 16,032, A. N. S. P., type of G. nigrocastaneus Cope. Cope says "dorsal fin commencing above a point three lengths of the gape behind the end of the muzzle," which is not true of his type. The latter shows the gape 2§ to dorsal origin. The account, by Jordan and Davis, of E. nigricans16 varies somewhat from my example, as they give the gape 2 in the head, mine showing clearly 2\. These writers also evidently had the type of G. umbrosus Poey for com- parison, and while they state in their description that the tail is slightly longer than the rest of the body, Poey states that it is shorter. Poey's figure shows the jaws equal, the gape half way to the gill- opening, dorsal origin over gill-opening, and coloration marbled. Further, the specific name notes the animal as black, Giinther giving the coloration as uniform black.17 It would appear likely Cope's species has not been demonstrated as identical with E. nigricans.
Muraena helena Linmeus.
Three from Italy.
Muraena clepsydra Jordan and .Evermr nn.
One from Panama (Ruschenberger). Also five others without locality, though likely from the same place?.
Muraena myrialeucostictus sp. now Fig. 4.
Head 1\; depth 16|; head width 4| its length; head depth 2\\ snout 6|; eye 9§; mouth 2§; interorbital 11; head Z\ to vent.
Body long, rather deep, well compressed with surfaces of sides moderately or slightly convex, and rather deep tail tapering a little only at end rather suddenly.
Head compressed, a little swollen behind and at occipital region just behind eyes so that upper profile at that point rather deeply concave, sides rather flattened and scarcely constricted below. Snout with profile and surface rather evenly convex, somewhat conic in general form, basal width \\ its length. Eye a little ellip-
16 .Rep. U. S. F. Com., XVI, 1888 (1892), p. 588. Barbadoes, no loc., Cuba.
17 Cat. F. Brit. Mus., VIII, 1870, p. 135. Dominica, Grenada, Barbadoes.
1912.]
NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
19
soid, about midway in mouth length, without eyelid. Mouth rather large, nearly horizontal and not completely closing. Lips tough, rather thin, smooth. Teeth all conic and sharply pointed, mostly inclined a little back, and edges entire. Upper teeth in complete uniserial outer row, this extending entirely around jaw, all erect, anterior to eye more strongly convex and robust than behind eye, where more inclined back and somewhat compressed. Anterior to eye in upper outer series several teeth a little enlarged or slightly canine-like, one also at upper jaw tip. In front of upper jaw before eye, and inside erect outer teeth, about 3 series of 7 enlarged and more or less depressible conic canines. These arranged as 2 outer series approximating in front, with each containing 3 teeth, and a median posterior one, latter largest of all teeth in mouth and entirely depressible back. Beginning below eye front inside outer erect
Fig. 4. — Murcena myrialeucostictus Fowler. Type.
teeth series of 6 rather slender and larger depressible palatine teeth each side of vomer. Latter with irregular biserial row of short conic strong teeth, smaller than upper lateral teeth. Mandibular teeth mostly uniserial, like upper outer erect teeth. Anteriorly in mandi- ble about 3 pairs of sub-depressible conic and slightly enlarged teeth, first pair begins close behind or at symphysis. No tongue. Mandible shallow, curved, surface convex, tip equal in front with snout tip, rami low, and profile a little more inclined than that of snout. Front nostril in short tube above front eye edge in inter- orbital space. Latter evenly convex.
Gill-opening little below median axis of body, nearly horizontal, length a little more than eye. Pharynx well swollen, and with few obsolete shallow grooves.
20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Skin smooth, tough. Four pores on each upper lip, first close behind nasal tube, second midway in snout, third below front eye edge and fourth below hind eye edge. Pair of pores at snout tip, another pair between nasal tubes and third pair about midway in snout length above. Mandible pores inconspicuous, apparently 4? on each ramus. L. 1. not evident.
Dorsal origin about midway between front eye edge and gill- opening, fin high and continuous with small caudal. Length of rounded caudal If in eye. Anal similar, though lower than dorsal. Vent. close before anal.
Color in alcohol deep chocolate-brown, head, body, and fins marked everywhere with minute pointed dots, very numerous, of much paler tint than general color and all rather distinctly defined. Towards end of tail and on caudal fin dots become whitish and a little larger. Inside mouth color very pale brownish. Angle of mouth brownish, though not darker than general coloration. Iris pale slaty, with narrow pale circle around pupil. Gill-opening edged with blackish. Edges of fin similar to general color, and also with similar dots.
Length 16| inches.
Type No. 16,031, A. N. S. P. St. Martins, West Indies. Dr. R. E. Van Rijgersma.
Only the type, described above, is known. It differs from the related Murcena melanotis, as described by Jordan and Davis from South American examples, in the profusely dotted coloration, the absence of both pale and dark mandibular blotches near the rictus, and in having the mouth not completely closing. From Murcena augusti (Kaup) it differs in the partly biserial uniform vomerine teeth and the body being entirely dotted minutely with whitish.
(Muptas} myriad; hu-/M} white; <rTixTds} spotted.)
Eabula panamensis (Steindachner).
A single example without data, evidently from Panama?.
Evenchelys macrurus (Bleeker).
One from Padang, Sumatra.
I may here mention Murcena thyrsoidea Richardson is the type of Thyrsoidea Kaup by tautonomy, and thus Bleeker's restriction of T. longissima Kaup as the type is invalid. Evenchelys Jordan and Evermann has priority over Rhabdura, recently proposed by Ogilby.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 21
Gymnothorax aquae-dulcis (Cope).
Murcena aquw-dulcis Cope, Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Hayden, 1871 (1872), p. 474. Rio Grande, near £fan Jose, -Costa Rica.
No. 14,925, A. N. S. P., type of Murcena aquce-dulcis Cope.18 I may here state that the dorsal origin begins well before the gill- opening (Cope's statement to the contrary evidently erroneous in locating the exact origin of the fin), or near last two-fifths in space between latter and hind eye edge.
Gymnothorax eurostus (Abbott).
Thyrsoidea eurosla Abbott, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 478. Hawaiian Islands.
No. 984, A. N. S. P., type of T. eurosta Abbott. This species appears distinct from G. meleagris (Shaw), with which Gunther has united it. The vomerine teeth are partly biserial and short or bluntly convex, nearly molar-like.
Gymnothorax laysanus (Steindachner).
Lycodontis parcibranchialis Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1900, p. 494, PL 18, fig. 1. Hawaiian Islands.
No. 16,483, A. N. S. P., type of L. parvibranchialis Fowler.
Two without data (probably from Hawaii?) evidently this species.
Gymnothorax stellatus (Lacepede).
Three from Padang, Sumatra, of which one is now in Stanford University. One also from Apia, Samoa.
Gymnothorax undulatus (Lacepede).
Two from the Hawaiian Islands. One of these (from J. K. Town- send) I wrongly identified with Murcena pseudothyrsoidea Bleeker.
Gymnothorax kaupii (Abbott).
Thyrsoidea kaupii Abbott, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 477. Hawaiian Islands.
No. 916, A. N. S. P., type of T. kaupii Abbott. I also confused an example from the Hawaiian Islands (W. H. Jones) with M. pseudothyrsoidea Bleeker.
This species seems to differ from G. stellatus in the presence of
18 I may note that Jordan and Davis identify an eel from San Diego, Cab, with Cope's species, and as they do not explicitly designate Cope'« fish the former must be taken as the type of their genus Rabula. Therefore, the Gymno- thorax aquw-dulcis (nee Murcena aquw-dulcis Cope) Jordan and Davis requires a new specific name.
Rabula davisi nom. nov.
Gymnothorax aquw-dulcis (nee Cope) Jordan and Davis, Rep. U. S. F. Com., XVI, 1888 (1892), p. 598.
(Named for Mr. B. M. Davis, joint author with Dr. D. S. Jordan, in the review of the Apodal Fishes of America and Europe.)
22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
three enlarged depressible canine teeth below the eye, as seen in the inner series in the upper jaw. Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Ruppell).
Three from Padang, Sumatra. Of these one now in Stanford University. They all agree with Ruppell's description to some extent. They differ from his figure in having only pale or dull- edged fins posteriorly. The figures by Bleeker have sharp-pointed teeth and may be different. Ruppell says, of M. flavimarginata, that it is very large, both jaws have a row of strong wedge-shaped teeth and the throat equally with similar teeth. The palatine teeth are said to be four long curved depressible teeth each side.
Gymnothorax batuensis (Bleeker).
One from Apia, Samoa. Apparently not identical with Murcena flavimarginata Ruppell, as thought by Jordan and Seale.
Gymnothorax kidako (Schlegel).
One from Tokyo, Japan.
Gymnothorax moringua (Cuvier).
Two from Bermuda Islands; one from New Providence, Bahamas; one from St. Kitt's, West Indies; one from St. Thomas, West Indies; three from St. Martins, West Indies. Gymnothorax funebris Ranzani.
One from Santo Domingo, West Indies. Another without data.
Gymnothorax concolor (Abbott).
Thyrsoidea concolor Abbott, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 479. Vera Cruz, Mexico.
No. 970, A. N. S. P., type of T. concolor Abbott. I have allowed this as a distinct form, Abbott's name having priority over Murcena erebus Poey,19 which is said to have uniserial vomerine teeth. M . infernalis Poey20 is said to have biserial vomerine teeth and also be identical with G. funebris Ranzani, though the latter does not de- scribe the vomerine teeth. Jordan and Davis remark "there is no doubt of the identity of funebris, concolor, castanea and infernalis," though later Jordan and Evermann suggest castanea as probably distinct.
Gymnothorax unicolor (De la Roche).
One from Italy.
Gymnothorax carcinognathus sp. nov. Fig. 5.
Head 7f ; depth at vent 6*; head width 3| in its length; head
19 Mem. Hist. Nat. Cuba, II, June, 1861, p. 426. Cuba.
20 L. c, II, June, 1860, pp. 347, 354. Cuba.
1912.]
NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
23
depth 2; snout 4§; eye 8J; mouth 2\; interorbital 11; head 3f to vent.
Body long, slender, well compressed, sides but slightly convex and tapering in long slender tail after vent.
Head well compressed, little swollen behind, sides a little approxi- mated below, and profiles similarly inclined in front to form long conic slender muzzle. Snout conic, surface and profile convex, basal width half its length. Eye a little ellipsoid, about midway in mouth length, without eyelid. Mouth large, jaws curved like forceps and exposing most of dentition, thus not closing completely,
:* $?-. **y-~*.i.-i--fi
**£?&?5*.> \ ■''■■& -.''■'' ". ■5-'i'^^"A*'"^'^'^'iV^a"VV'?'^*' '"v^i .** ' 4.:^'\'-f^V ^''AvV/'' "iO^V''ii'^^\\
Fig. 5. — Gymnothorax carcinognathns Fowler. Type.
or with only their tips approximated. Lips rather thin, lower scarcely developed posteriorly on sides. Teeth conic, greatly acuminate, edges entire, and with slender sh*arp tips. An upper outer series of erect conic teeth, these with a distinctly smaller or shorter number most all their extent, all very slightly inclined back, though after eye more so. Before eye, in upper outer series of teeth 3 pairs of erect enlarged conic canines, alternating with 2 pairs of depressible conic canines, latter bend inwards. A depressible though shorter conic canine bends back towards vomer between first pair of anterior upper erect canines. This followed by 3 very long- slender and slightly curved depressible canines, graduated from anterior to last in length, which longest of all teeth or but slightly less than horizontal eye-diameter. Below eye in outer upper series of erect teeth 2 canines, a little larger than most of teeth in their series, though not so large as anterior canines. Below front rim and close to 2 erect canines below eye, though directly inside, one or two
24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
canines each side of palatine area, depressible towards vomer and conic. Vomerine teeth regularly uniserial, begins about opposite front pupil rim, first few a little larger than others which graduate much smaller behind, all conic and sharp pointed, also a little inclined posteriorly. Mandibular teeth uniserial, conic, rather compressed, inclined well posteriorly, mostly equal in size except in front, and all rather smaller than upper lateral teeth. On left symphyseal portion of mandibular ramus 2 enlarged erect and slightly curved conic canines, and on right symphyseal ramus same number. Between all these erect teeth a similar depressible canine, as one at symphysis, one between each erect pair, and a second on right ramus after second erect one. No tongue. Mandible slender, slightly curved, and a trifle shorter than snout tip, shallow, and surface convex. Front nostrils each in rather slender cutaneous tube each side of snout tip, and each about half of horizontal eye-diameter. Hind nostril simple pore above eye front in interorbital space. Latter depressed medianly, slightly convex.
Gill-opening a little below median axis, nearly horizontal and about equals eye. Pharynx rather swollen and forms greatest body depth.
Skin smooth, tough. Under surface and lower side of pharynx with several deep longitudinal grooves, about a dozen in number. Upper lip with 4 pores each side, first below nasal tube, third and fourth below eye, and second about midway in snout length. A pair of wide-set small pores at snout tip, another pair between nasal tubes and third pair a trifle nearer snout tip than eye. Each mandi- bular ramus with at least 4 inconspicuous pores. L. 1. not evident.
Dorsal origin about midway between mouth corner and gill- opening, fin rather high, continuous behind with rather short and acuminate caudal. Latter about I3- in eye. Anal like dorsal, only lower. Vent close before anal.
Color in alcohol rather light brown, with numerous indistinct mottlings and marblings of paler, especially on back and fins. Edge of dorsal with very narrow and at first marginal, though posteriorly or on tail submarginal, dusky line. On tail behind this replaced by still narrower and entirely marginal creamy edge. Latter con- tinues around tail and whole length of anal, also becomes much wider and distinct on front of anal. Latter apparently without any distinct sub-marginal dark streak. A deep brownish blotch at rictus or corner of mouth. Gill-opening pale. Head rather uniform brownish above, and below paler and immaculate like abdomen.
1912.]
NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
25
Length 2 If inches.
Type No. 38,163, A. N. S. P. St. Martins, West Indies. Dr. R. E. Van Rijgersma.
Only the single example described above. It differs from the other West Indian species in its dentition, slender forceps-like jaws and coloration.
(h'dpzr;o?} forceps; yvadosj jaw.) Gymno thorax pictus (Ahl).
One from the Hawaiian Islands. This shows the posterior nostrils with a small or low cutaneous fringe, which in combination with the molar-like teeth likely allow it to enter Sidera Kaup as a valid subgenus.
AHYNNODONTOPHIS subgen. nov.
Type Gymnothorax stigmanotus sp. nov.
No vomerine teeth. Other teeth entirely uniserial, except three on premaxillary region of upper jaw.
This group differs from all the other subgenera included under Gymnothorax chiefly in the absence of, or in having deciduous, vomerine teeth.
(J, without; owi<s} vomer; ddous, tooth; o<pi?, snake; with reference to the absence of vomerine teeth.)
(SSSBSeSwBSBi
.^$^>
Fig 0. — Gymnothorax stigmanotus Fowler. Type.
26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
GymnothoTax stigmanotus sp. nov. Fig. 6.
Head 6f ; depth at vent 13f ; head width 3£ in its length; head depth If; snout 5f; eye 12$; mouth 2\; interorbital 9; head 3f to vent.
Body long, well compressed, trunk rather deep, sides flattened, and tail tapering in rather long slender point from vent.
Head large, compressed, rather deep, with slightly swollen pharynx, flattened sides scarcely constricted below, attenuated in -front, and upper profile indented above eye. Snout conic, tip and surface convex, basal width If its length. Eye rounded, closer to upper profile than mouth, about midway in gape of latter, and without eyelid. Mouth large, horizontal, and completely closing. Lips rather tough and fleshy, minutely papillose. Teeth conic, mostly erect, subequal, strong, edges entire, uniserial in jaws, posteriorly or laterally a little inclined backward. In upper jaw each side 5 large erect conic canines before eyes, and 2 below latter, though these a little smaller. Medianly on premaxillary region or well before eye, series of 3 enlarged conic depressible canines, last largest. Mandible with uniserial teeth, 4? enlarged erect conic canines each side in front, followed by mostly equal row of close-set backwardly directed and rather compressed teeth. No vomerine teeth now, but depressions or little concavities, which would indicate that if teeth occur they are deciduous?. No tongue. Mandible equal with snout tip in front, surface convex, rami low and strong. Front nostril in short fleshy tube, length 2 in eye. Hind nostril simple pore little before eye front. Interorbital space convex. Occipital region well swollen and bulging rather abruptly down to interorbital in profile.
Gill-opening a little below median axis in body, but little inclined from horizontal, length about If in snout. Pharynx with about a dozen deep grooves longitudinally each side and below.
Skin smooth, tough and thick, especially along bases of dorsal and anal. Along each upper lip 5 pores well above lower edge, first close before nasal tube, second close behind nasal tube, third little before middle in snout, fourth a little before front eye edge and fifth below hind eye edge. On snout above a pair of wide-set pores between nasal tubes, and another a little before third upper labial pair, well superior on snout. About 5 pores on each mandibular ramus. L. 1. not evident.
Dorsal origin apparently near last fourth in space between hind eye edge and gill-opening, fin high, especially behind, where continuous with caudal. Latter rounded, length about If in eye. Anal like dorsal, only lower. Vent close before anal.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 27
Color in alcohol deep chocolate-brown, mostly with this ground- color entirely uniform, and belly and head below scarcely paler. On back and most of trunk posteriorly, inconspicuous pale or" minute grayish dots like pin-points, rather sparsely distributed. These not extending on belly or head, though on dorsal fin becoming more numerous than on body. Dorsal also with numerous oblique narrow lines of darker shade than body color, sloping up from back towards edge. Anal with several more or less complete darker longitudinal lines than ground-color of fin. Iris brownish. Mouth brownish inside. Rictus not darker than ground-color of bod}'. Gill-openings similar. Teeth pale.
Length 27| inches.
Type No. 16,705, A. N. S. P. No data. (This specimen was in a jar received from E. D. Cope labelled "Texas" and may have been secured somewhere in the West Indies.)
In many respects this species resembles the larger examples of G. funebris in the collection, but it has no vomerine teeth, and the lips are densely papillose. Its dorsal is also more posteriorly inserted and the coloration is entirely different.
(Iriytj-a, spot; euroy, back; with reference to the dorsal spots.)
Subgenus PRIODOXOPHIS Kaup. Gymnothorax ocellatus Agassiz.
One from Santo Domingo, West Indies. This seems to agree better with Agassiz's figure, than the other examples listed below, which I formerly identified with it. Agassiz shows the white spots of uneven size, some of which about equal to pupil and others smaller, and dorsal and anal with many various white spots, of which some small and others much larger than eye, black interspaces often equally large.
Gymnothorax ocellatus saxicola Jordan and Davis.
One from New Jersey and another from Pensacola, Florida.
Eurymyctera acutirostris (Abbott).
Murcena acutirostris Abbott, Proc. Acad. Xat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 476. Hawaii.
No. 998. A. N. S. P., type of M. acutirostris Abbott.
Echidna zebra (Shaw).
One from Muscat Cove, Philippine Islands.
Echidna peli (Kaup).
Three from West Africa.
28
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF
[Feb.,
Echidna nocturna (Cope).
Pcecilophis nocturna Cope, Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Hayden, 1871 (1872), p. 474. Rio Grande at San Jose, Costa Rica.
No. 14,926, A. N. S. P., type of P. nocturnus Cope.
Echidna chionostigma sp. now Fig. 7.
Head, 8; depth 15^; head width 3| in its length; head depth If; snout 6; eye 9^; mouth 2f; interorbital 8f ; head 3f to vent.
Body moderately long, well compressed, trunk of about even depth, belly with lower surface rounded, and long tail tapering back in rather acuminate tip.
Fig. 7. — Echidna chionostigma Fowler. Type.
Head well compressed, upper profile rather swollen above with depression above eye otherwise like convex lower, and more or less flattened sides not especially converging above or below. Snout surface and profile convex, basal width 1| its length. Eye rounded, without eyelid, trifle nearer mouth corner than snout tip. Mouth nearly horizontal, not completely closing, moderate. Lips thick, fleshy, minutely papillose. Teeth mostly molar-like, upper anterior to eye largest in same jaw, these in a continuous outer series and median gradually larger series of 3, all erect and obtusely conic. On vomer teeth continued back from anterior upper teeth as an irregular double series of smaller shorter ones. In upper jaw from below front of each eye backward, a somewhat irregular double series of rather slender sharply pointed conic depressible teeth. Mandibular teeth rather short, obtuse, mostly somewhat pointed, and biserial anteriorly where approximated to upper jaw when mandible closes. No tongue. Mandible powerful, well curved,
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 29
rami rather low, symphyseal tip trifle shorter than snout tip. Front nostril in short pale tube each side of snout tip. Hind nostril in slightly elevated cutaneous rim above front eye edge. Inter- orbital convex.
Gill-opening inclined moderately, below median body axis, about equals eye in length. Pharynx well swollen, though not conspicu- ously so.
Skin smooth, tough. Along each upper lip 5 pores. On snout above 2 pairs of pores between front nasal tubes and another pair placed about midway between front and hind pairs. Along each mandibular ramus 5 pores. No 1. 1.
Dorsal origin last § in space between hind eye edge and gill- opening, fin well elevated and continuous around tail with small rounded caudal. Latter about equals eye. Anal like dorsal, only lower. Vent close before anal.
Color in alcohol deep chocolate-brown generally, marked with small white points, well scattered, numerous, rounded and none larger than pupil. These white spots not extending on median line of abdomen or head below. Labial pores of head each situated in a white spot. Mouth corners and gill-openings pale or like surrounding coloration. Inside mouth pale. Iris pale slaty. Whitish dots on fins similar to those on body.
Length 13| inches.
Type No. 14,519, A. N. S. P. Probably from the Gulf of Cali- fornia.
Also No, 14,520, same data, paratype. Head 7|; depth 17^; snout 5| in head ; eye 8 \ ; mouth 3 ; interorbital 8 ; head 4*- to vent. Mouth completely closing. Anterior upper median enlarged teeth depressible. Neither of my examples show the pale dots with blackish margins.
This species resembles Echidna nocturnus, but differs in the longer anal. The example supposed to have been taken at Cape San Lucas by Xantus, and referred to E. nocturnus by Jordan and Davis, may probably be identical with the present species.
(Xtwv, snow; <rriyij.a^ spot; with reference to the spotted coloration.)
Echidna catenata (Bloch).
Three from St. Martins, West Indies. Another, very young, largely agrees with the largest in its dentition. In color many of its bands are alternately irregular, so that but few nearly complete saddle-like blotches form. Length 6 inches.
30
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF
[Feb.,
Echidna nebulosa (Ahl).
Three from Samoa, one from Hawaii, and another without data (likely from the last locality?).
Echidna polyzona (Richardson).
One from Hawaii.
Eohidna zonata Fowler.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1900, p. 495, PI. 18, fig. 2. Hawaii.
No. 16,484, A. N. S. P., type.
Echidna sauvagei sp. nov. Fig. 8.
Head 7; depth 13§; head width 3* its length; head depth If; snout 6; eye 9; mouth 3; interorbital 8 J ; head 3| to vent.
Body long, well compressed or sides with but slightly convex surfaces, trunk of about uniform depth, and tail tapering back behind moderately slender to tip.
Fig. 8. — Echidna sauvagei Fowler. Type.
Head well compressed, rather swollen behind, lower profile more evenly convex than upper, which depressed slightly over eye, and sides not converging above or below. Snout convex over profile and surface, basal width \\ its length. Eye large, slightly ellipsoid, without eyelid, little behind middle in upper jaw length. Mouth nearly horizontal, commissure but slightly curving down though showing it not completely closing. Lips thick, fleshy, smooth, rather broad and largely free. Teeth all coarse, rather large, obtuse. Upper teeth little longer than others anterior to eye, latter more
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 31
conic though tips not sharp pointed, forming an erect outer series and a median series of 3 larger and partly movable broad-based ones. All vomerine region from about opposite beginning of eye backwards with series of 3, and in widest portion of area 4, of broad low convex molar-like teeth. Surface of this whole area also convex. Along sides of upper jaw, also extending well forward though rather irregularly, two rows of small and rather slender obtusely-pointed teeth, these also in places partly movable. Mandibular teeth low, molar-like, biserial, largely uniform in size, close-set, and only anterior inner series more enlarged with outer series decreasing in size. No tongue. Mandible strong, convex, curved so that only symphyseal region approximates front of upper jaw, and tip a little shorter than slightly protruding snout. Front nostril in fleshy tube each fide of snout tip, length 2 in eye. Hind nostril simple pore over eye front, edge hardly elevated.
Gill-opening short and nearly horizontal slit about midway in axis of body, length about equals eye. Pharynx well swollen, surface smooth and but few slight lateral longitudinal short grooves. Skin tough, smooth. Along each upper lip laterally 4 pores, and along each mandibular ramus 6 pores. On snout 3 pairs of pores, first at tip, second between nasal tubes and third midway hi snout length. No 1. 1.
Dorsal origin little nearer gill-opening than mouth corner, fin high and continuous with caudal. Latter rounded, length 1^ in eye. Anal like dorsal, only lower. Vent close before anal.
Color in alcohol rich brown generally, a trifle darker above on trunk than below, though tail more unicolor. Along back about 24 transverse obscure ill-defined and slightly darker bars or bands, these not continuous across belly or only after vent. Through eye and passing over forehead and mandible median ly a deep brown transverse band though not continuous on lower surface of mandible. Another ill-defined band, though leaving a quite dusky blotch or tinge at rictus passes similarly behind latter, though including it in its course. Transverse bands also reflected on dorsal and anal. Body most everywhere on trunk, tail and fins, with more or less swarthy appearance. End of muzzle largely whitish, surface of snout above and symphyseal region of mandible slightly tinged with brownish. Edges of fins not darker, except where bands extend more or less completely. Eye pale slaty. Inside mouth whitish. Length 15| inches. Type No. 38,164, A. N. S. P. No data (though taken from a jar
32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
containing an example of Echidna nebulosa and two examples of Gymnothorax laysanus, thus likely from Hawaii?).
This example resembles Poecilophis tritor Vaillant and Sauvage, but differs in the throat not having some horizontal black lines, the tail a little longer than the body, the gill-opening not surrounded by a more or less distinct blackish spot, and the dentition.
(Named for Dr. Henri E. Sauvage, author of numerous contri- butions to Ichthyology).
Echidna delicatula Jordan and Seale.
One from Apia, Samoa.
Uropterygius macrocephalus Bleeker.
Three from Apia, Samoa.
MOBJNG-TJID^. Aphthalmichthys gangeticus sp. nov. Fig. 9.
Head 10|; depth about 53; head width about 5 in its length; head depth about 4; snout 7; eye about 1| in snout; mouth 3f in head; interorbital about 2 in snout; head 9| to vent.
— — -^-' '■':,- "«j- ■..'■. — ,:•;- „„■, , ;,-'■',.- v,-fc.-i;~i\- .,,' -:-.;■:■■ ■-, :.!.:■'■. :"..CLL1^ ■.-•' - -^
*5>SSS35^i
Fig. 9. — Aphthalmichthys gangeticus Fowler. Type.
Body slender, subcylindrical, of more or less uniform depth ante- riorly and only tapering gradually behind. Tail short, slightly compressed and attenuated.
Head with rather swollen appearance, surface convex, attenuated in front. Snout conic, pointed, basal width about 1| its length, and tip slightly projects (damaged, but restored in figure) beyond sym- physis of mandible. Eye a little ellipsoid, a little nearer rictus than snout tip, without eyelid. Mouth horizontal, rather small. Teeth small, conic, rather slender, biserial around edge of upper jaw and uniserial in mandible. No other teeth clearly distinguished. No tongue. Jaws completely closing, and rami low in mouth. An-
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 33
terior nostril?. Posterior nostril simple pore close before eye on side of snout. Interorbital slightly convex.
Gill-opening small, lateral, about size of eye in length? (damaged).
Skin smooth.
Dorsal and anal developed as low cutaneous folds, former beginning about opposite vent and latter close after. Both obsolete behind and in height scarcely equal to half of body-depth at that point. End of tail simple point, without any trace of caudal fin. Vent little before last eight in total length.
Color faded dull or uniform pale brownish. Eyes slaty.
Length about 5f inches.
Type No. 1,086, A. N. S. P. Ganges River, India. Dr. M. Burrough.
This species differs from the only other Indian species of the genus, A. macrocephalus, in having the vent much more posterior.
(Named for the River Ganges, somewhere in the estuary of which the species was likely secured.)
34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
RECORDS OF FISHES FOR THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES AND VIRGINIA.
BY HENRY W. FOWLER.
In this paper a list of the species obtained from each State is given, with a summary of all the localities representing material which I have not noted before. It is desirable to place these all on record as of value in geographical distribution. In preparing this article many specimens have been examined, often embracing in numbers many thousands, of which the more important were preserved for the collections of the Academy, besides others studied at the various fisheries, markets -and elsewhere. Among many of the latter class one often meets with large forms undesirable for preservation, so that but few were saved. Some species were quite rare, and others at least new records for the States in which they were taken. Still others are interesting in pointing out new limits or features in their distribution. Two pelagic species, wandering to the coasts of New Jersey, are apparently new.
New York.
All the specimens from this State, listed below, were received from Mr. T. D. Keim during the past few years.1
Anohovia eurystole Swain and Meek.
One taken at Long Beach, Long Island, on August 20, 1911. Other fishes noted at this locality were Raja eglanteria, Fundulus majalis, F. heteroclitus macrolepidotus, and Ammodytes americanus.
Notropisbifrenatus (Cope).
Dungan Hill, Staten Island. Fundulus majalis (Walbaum).
Hunter's Island, in Long Island Sound.
1 An adult Pygosteus pungitius and ten young Poronotus triacanthus from Long Island Sound near Darien, Conn., were also secured in the summer of 1910. The latter were taken from under a floating medusa.
1 also have Seserinus paru, Chcetodipterus faber and Lagocephalus Icevigatus secured in August of 1907 at Nantucket, Mass., by Dr. Benjamin Sharp. These were all taken from inside the Great Point traps. Dr. Sharp has also reported a large Tarpon atlanticus taken at the same locality on September 30, 1909. I mention these as occasional species in the New England region of the Virginian province.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 35
Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus (Walbaum). Hunter's Island.
Fundulus diaphanus (Le Sueur).
Hudson River in Greene Co.
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus.
Four young from South Beach, Long Island, on July 16, 1911. Seriola zonata (Mitchill).
Long Beach. Pseudopriacanthus altus (Gill).
Young from Long Beach on August 2, 1911. Tautogolabrus adspersus (Walbaum).
Hunter's Island.
Myoxocephalus octodecimspinosus (Mitchill).
Two very young from tide-pools at Rye Beach on May 19, 1910.
New Jersey.
Squatina squatina (Linnceus).
A female about 40 inches long was secured at Sea Isle City, through Mr. W. J. Fox, on July 7, 1911. It was taken in the off-shore pounds, and known to the fishermen as "lizard fish." A large Mola mold, weighing about 200 pounds, was also secured at the same time, though not preserved. Atopiohthys novse-caesariensis sp. nov. Fig. 1.
Head about 13f; depth about llf; snout about 4j in head, measured from upper jaw tip; eye 4; maxillary 2j; interorbital 3j; head depth at occiput 2\; muscular segments about 70 + 50.
Body oblong, greatly compressed, tapering well anteriorly to region of greatest depth about third, fourth and fifth sixths of trunk length. Tail tapering rather suddenly, though less gradual than front of bodv.
.* ' • ~ - . '. ~-\_
Fig. 1. — Atopichthys novce-ccesariensis Fowler. Type.
Head widest part of body, slightly compressed, profiles similar. Snout conic, compressed slightly, basal width trifle greater than its length. Eye large, rounded, its hind edge about midway in head- Mouth cleft straight, extends back about opposite eye centre-
36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,.
Mandible depressed, shallow, rami low, symphysis extending forward slightly before snout tip. Maxillary not distinct. Teeth long, slender, uniserial in jaws, and flaring out all around jaw edges. No teeth on palate. Tongue not distinct. Nostrils well separated small pores, on side of snout, anterior near snout tip and posterior close before eye. Interorbital a little convex.
Gill-opening small, inferior.
Body naked, smooth, myocommas and myomeres distinct.
Vertical fins low, continuous around caudal and latter less than eye. Pectoral not evident. Vent about last f in total length.
Color in alcohol uniform pale brownish. Iris slaty. Along ventral edge of body 2 series of dark chromatophores, these series closely approximated, and a single chromatophore about opposite each myomere. No other chromatophores.
Length 4f inches.
Type No. 982, A. N. S. P. Beesley's Point, Cape May County, New Jersey. Charles E. Ashmead.
Only a single example, described above. It appears to be related to species without pectoral fins, such as Atopichthys gillii (Eigenmann and Kennedy) and A. strommani (Eigenmann and Kennedy). It is, however, much longer and more slender, with the vent different, and the muscular bands with other formula.
(Named for New Jersey.)
Atopichthys phillipsi Fowler.
Another example of this interesting fish, only known before from the type, was secured at ("Mountain Island") Corson's Inlet on June 26, 1909, by Dr. R. J. Phillips. On this occasion Dr. Phillips notes Mustelus mustelus, Raja eglanteria, Brevoortia tyrannus, Fun- dulus majalis, F. heteroclitus macrolepidotus, Menidia menidia notata, Centropristis striatus, Bairdiella chrysura, Menticirrhus saxatilis, M. americanus, Scicenops ocellatus, Cynoscion regalis, Tautogolabrus adspersus, Tautoga onitis, Spheroides maculatus, Paralichthys dentatus and Opsanus tau.
Felichthys marinus (Mitchill).
One taken August 11, another August 14, and still another August 20, 1911, at Corson's Inlet.
Fundulus luciae (Baird),
Mr. W. B. Davis secured one on June 21, 1911, in the salt-ponds near Peck's Bay. It was associated with F. heteroclitus macro- lepidotus and Cyprinodon variegatus. On July 22 Mr. D. McCadden
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 37
secured Apeltes quadracus, Syngnathus fuscus, Menidia menidia notata and Menticirrhus saxatilis in Peck's Bay.
Gambusia gracilis Heckel.
Abundant in tributaries of Goshen Creek, near Goshen, on October 13, 1911, where many were secured by Mr. F. Learning and the writer. Fundulus heteroclitus macrolipidotus was the only species we found associated, though in the upper reaches, while Gambusia was absent, Abramis crysoleucas, Erimyzon sucetta oblongus and Umbra pygmcea were found. In Bidwell Creek we found Anguilla chrisypa, F. majalis, F. heteroclitus macrolepi dolus, Cyprinodon variegatus, Menidia beryllina cerea, M. menidia notata, Bairdiella chrysura, Leiostomus xanthtirus, Micropogon undulatus and Pogonias cromis. Myriads of Palmnonetes vulgaris were also secured. In Crooked Creek we found A. chrisypa, F. heteroclitus^ ?nacrolepidotus, F. diaphanus and Apeltes quadracus.
Tylosurus raphidoma (Ranzani).
Mr. W. J. Fox secured an adult example at Sea Isle City during the past summer, besides examples of Rachycentron canadus, Batistes carolinensis, Stephanolepis hispidus, Lagocephalus laevigatas, Alutera shcepfii, Lophopsetta metadata and Echeneis naucrates.
Sphyraena borealis De Kay.
Dr. R. J. Phillips secured an example about 10? inches long, taken from the stomach of a blue fish (Pomatomus saltatrix) caught at Corson's Inlet, on September 15, 1911. Other interesting species obtained by Dr. Phillips at this locality are Leptocephalus conger, Chilomycterus schcepfi, Rissola marginata and a young Pogonias cromis.
Lepomis incisor Valenciennes.
Mr. B. H. Gledhill secured an adult in Warrington Pond, at Tomlin, on September 23, 1911.
Lyosphaera globosa Everniann and Kendall.
An example was secured at Anglesea some years ago by the late Uselma C. Smith. It is now in the collection, and in good preserva- tion. This species has not been recorded from New Jersey before, and this is therefore evidently its most northern range.
Etropus micrastomus (Gill).
Mr. W. B. Davis and the writer secured three examples of this interesting flounder on June 21, 1911, in Great Egg Harbor Bay at Ocean City. Other fishes we also found there were Mustelus mus-
38
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF
[Feb.,
telus, Raja eglanteria, Pomolobus mediocris, P. pseudoharengus, Anchovia mitchilli, Fundulus majalis, Syngnathus fuscus, Menidia menidia notata, Trachinotus carolinus, Cynoscion regalis, Menti- cirrhus saxatilis, Lophopsetta maculata, Paralichthys dentatus, Pseudo- pleuronectes americanus and Achirus fasciatus. This is noteworthy as all the pleuronectids were found associated. Antennarius teleplanus sp. nov. Fig. 2.
Head (measured to axil of pectoral) about If; depth about 1§; D. I— I— I— 12; A. 7; P. 11; V. 5; head width (measured to axil of pectoral) about If in its length; snout 5f in head, measured from median upper jaw tip to gill-opening; eye 10|; maxillary 2|; man- dible length 2\ ; mouth width at ricti 2\ ; interorbital \\ ; bait about 2f; second dorsal spine about 4§; third dorsal spine about 3^;
^
»%
s
Fig. 2. — Antennarius teleplanus Fowler. Type.
fifth dorsal ray about 3; anal base about 4; fourth anal ray about 2|; caudal 2|; least depth of caudal peduncle 4* ; pectoral base 5^; ventral base 6 J.
Body deep, well compressed, deepest at dorsal origin, back elevated with approximating surfaces, and rounded belly with swollen appear- ance. Caudal peduncle compressed, rather small, its length about f its least depth.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 39
Head very large, deep, and with mandible closed anterior profile nearly evenly convex. Upper surfaces approximating like those of back, and lower well swollen convexly till much wider. Snout short, little inclined from horizontal forward, length about § its width. Eye small, rounded, high, lateral, anteriorly below second dorsal spine. Mouth large, wide, nearly vertical. Premaxillaries well protractile. Maxillary long, nearly vertical, its hind lower edge about opposite front eye edge, and greatest distal expansion but trifle less than eye. Upper lip thin, tough, and lower thicker though also tough. Teeth small, sharply pointed, rather slenderly conic and in rather narrow bands in jaws. No teeth on median line of mouth roof, though 2 patches of teeth, similar to those in jaws, in each palatine region. Two small patches of similar pharyngeal teeth above and 2 patches also below. Tongue large, broad, de- pressed, free in front and along sides, smooth, and front edge convex. Mandible not very powerful, broad, with slight symphyseal knob in front, and rami but moderately expanding at their posterior articulations. Nostrils small, obscure, about last f between eye front and edge of upper jaw. Interorbital slightly convex.
Gill-opening small slit at lower pectoral base well before middle in entire length of fish.
Body very finely roughened everywhere, except at lower surfaces of pectorals and ventrals. Tubercles in many regions bifid. Tuber- cles on head above and 1. 1. anteriorly rather large, or as spinescent clusters. A smooth area on interorbital between second and third spines. Extending down along preopercular region some obscure spinescent clusters. No cutaneous flaps, or if a few present very inconspicuous. L. 1. scarcely evident, except anteriorly, and even there obsolete.
Bait very slender and not extending beyond middle of third depressed dorsal spine, bulbous and bifid at end, and each division with a few short filaments. Second dorsal spine inserted close after bait, largely free, mobile, though not depressible back to origin of third dorsal spine. Latter with only end mobile, united behind for large part by broad basal membrane, and depressible spine not reaching back to origin of rayed dorsal. Soft dorsal rather high, long, its margin very unevenly gashed as some rays are inserted nearer one another than to others. Anal small, well posterior, and extending slightly further back on caudal peduncle, median rays longest with edge of fin slightly gashed in places. Caudal large, rounded behind with median rays longest. Pectoral moderate,
40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,.
tips of rays projecting slightly beyond membranes. Ventrals similar, though smaller than pectorals. Vent rather conspicuous, close before anal.
Color in alcohol with ground tint dull olivaceous to yellowish, former largely above and latter obtaining below. A number of blackish or dusky narrow streaks radiate from eye, where they extend over iris to pupil. Several similar streaks radiate from upper edge of third dorsal spine. Soft dorsal with numerous black streaks, broad, and many broken into large blotches or spots, nearly vertical or slightly inclined back, and extending down on back more or less regularly till level with upper edge of caudal peduncle. Then all more inclined forward towards pectoral axilla and abdomen. Though body blotched with dusky between gill-opening and vent, no blotches on entire belly between ventrals and vent, except around latter. Anal with blackish blotches or streaks like those on soft dorsal, these in about four rows. Caudal with three distinct rows of transverse black spots or blotches, smaller than on soft dorsal and anal. Pec- toral and ventral covered with large black blotches both above and below, and several obsolete ones before base of former. Bait pale, with narrow transverse blackish bars. Gill-opening pale. Tongue, and mouth inside, whitish generally, though former with dusky and blackish mottlings. Pupil pale. Most of dark blotches on all fins show along their edges a paler or more whitish shade than ground color.
Length about 4 inches.
Type No. 38,162, A. N. S. P. Corson's Inlet, Cape May County, New Jersey. Caught in the bait-net on September 30, 1911. Dr. R. J. Phillips.
Only the type known. It closely resembles Antennarius scaber (Cuvier), but differs in the absence of the numerous dermal body flaps, as well as the pattern of coloration shown by Valenciennes.2 Antennarius tigris (Poey) is also another species closely related, though differing markedly, if Poey's figure is to be trusted. Poey shows the caudal almost entirely spotted, a row of five black spots in a slightly oblique row on anal, and bait with its bulbous end longer than basal portion, in fact reaching back to tip of first soft dorsal ray.
(T>)XiicX&vos} wandering far; so named as no American member of the genus ever before recorded so far north of Florida.)
2 Regne Animal Cuv., Ed. Luxe, 1839, PI. 85, fig. 1.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 41
Besides the above records a few of the numerous small collections, made during the past year, in some localities where material has not been obtained before, may be of interest.
During June Mr. W. B. Davis and the writer secured the following: in Cedar Swamp Creek Pomolobus mediocris, Alosa sapidissima, Anguilla chrisypa, Abramis crysoleucas, Fundulus heteroclitus macro- lepidotus, F. diaphanus, Mugil curema, Eupomotis gibbosus and M or one americana; in a tributary of the Tuckahoe River at Johnson's Mill, Pomolobus mediocris, Abramis crysoleucas, Ameiurus natalis prosthistuis, Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus, F. diaphanus, Esox americanus, E. reticulatus, Aphredoderus say anus, Mesogonistius chcetodon, Enneacanthus gloriosus and Boleosoma nigrum olmstedi; a tributary of the Tuckahoe River at Wallace's Mill, Notropis chalybams abbotti, Erimyzon succetta oblong us and Boleichthys fusi- jormis.
On July 3 Mr. W. T. Innes, Jr., and the writer secured the following in Pancoast's Run, near Pancoast's Mill: Umbra pygmcea, Esox reticulatus, Aphredoderus sayanus, Mesogonistius chcetodon and Enneacanthus gloriosus. On December 2 we visited Cohansey Creek at Bridgeton, in Cumberland County, and found: Anguilla chrisypa, Abramis crysoleucas, Notropis bifrenatus, Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus, F. diaphanus, Apeltes quadracus, Enneacanthus gloriosus and Eupomotis gibbosus. A small "water boatman," kindly identified by Messrs. Henry Skinner and E. T. Cresson, Jr., as Corixa brimleyi, a North Carolina species, was secured, and is another interesting addition to the fauna of New Jersey.
An interesting collection made at Cape May Point by Mr. E. R. Brown during the past summer contained: Sphyrna ?ygcena, Squalus acanthias, Raja erinacea, Pomolobus aestivalis, Brevoortia tyrannus, Anchovia mitchilli, Tylosurus marinus, Hippocampus hudsonius, Mugil cephalus, Selene vomer, Trachinotus carolinus, Pomatomus saltatrix, Centropristis striatus, Lagodon rhomboides, Leiostomus xanthurus, Menticirrhus saxatilis, Spheroides maculatus, Chilomycterus schoepfi, Prionotus evolans strigatus, Rissola marginata and Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Two interesting examples of Chloridella empusa were also obtained, and this species was reported to be abundant.
Pennsylvania.
Mr. R. W. Wehrle has collected extensively in Indiana County, forwarding many interesting collections to the Academy. The
42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,.
other material has been secured by the writer largely, though often with the assistance of others whom I have acknowledged elsewhere.
Petromyzon marinus Linnseus.
Delaware River at Torresdale, Philadelphia County. I also^ examined a young one from Goldsboro, York County, in the posses- sion of Mr. P. Hertzog.
Ichthyomyzonconcolor (Kirtland;.
Cherry Run, tributary to Crooked Run, and McKenny Run, Indiana County.
Acipenser brevirostrum Le Sueur.
Delaware River at Torresdale, Philadelphia County. I also found one at Bristol, Bucks County, on May 3, 1908.
Though I have examined examples of A. rubicundus at Erie and in the pounds near by, none were obtained for our collection.
AmiatUS calvus (Linnaeus).
Erie. A few were taken in the pounds in 1907. Pomolobus pseudoharengus (Wilson).
Abundant in Scott's Creek, Bucks County. •
Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill).
Erie.
Leucichthys artedi (Le Sueur).
Erie.
Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill).
Brandywine tributary near New Garden, Chester County; Trout Run, Lancaster County; Sugar Valley Run, Mifflin County.
Anguilla chrisypa Rafinesque.
Long Neck at Tinicum Island, Delaware County; Valley Forge and Gladwyne, Montgomery County; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Bridgetown, Etterton, Long Pond, Guinea Creek, Scott's Creek, Bucks County; McCall's Ferry, Lancaster County; Juniata River at Newton Hamilton, Mifflin County.
Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque).
McKenny, Home, Burnhamer, Rock, Saltgiver, Besnham, Broad Head, Smitten, Martin's, Mud Lick, Smicksburg, Groft's and McCormick's Runs, Ross Run and branch, Elders and Little Runs, Pickering Run and small branch, feeder to Crooked Run, Cowans- hanoc, Grant and Pine Townships, tributary of North Branch of Two Lick Creek, Pine Creek and Marion Branch, Susquehanna
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 43
Creek, branches of Big and Little Mahoning and Crooked Creeks, Indiana County.
Pimephales notatus (Rafinesque).
McKenny, Home, Burnhamer, Besnham, Smitten, Martin's, Mud Lick, Smicksburg, Groft's and McCormick's Runs, Ross Run and branch, Elders and Little Runs, Pickering Run and small branch, Crooked Run and tributary, Cowanshanoc, Grant and Pine Town- ships, tributary of North Branch of Two Lick Creek, Pine Creek and Marion Branch, Susquehanna Creek, branches of Big and Little Mahoning and Crooked Creeks, Indiana County; Allegheny River at Foxburg, Clarion County.
I have also found it abundant in the Schuylkill River near the mouth of Mill Creek in Montgomery County. This is the most eastern locality in the State at which the species has been obtained.
Semotilus bullaris (Rafinesque).
Walton Run near Byberry, Philadelphia County; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Etterton and Long Pond, Bucks County; Naylor's Run, Delaware County; Pennypack Creek near Huntingdon Valley and Walnut Hill, Montgomery County; Crum Creek near White Horse and Reese's Run, Chester County; Juniata River at Newton Hamilton, Mifflin County.
Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill).
Trout Creek near Centerville, Mill Creek at Gladwyne, Mont- gomery County ; Brookfield Run, Mill Creek at Flushing, Neshaminy Creek near Etterton, Tottam Creek, Bucks County; tributary of Brandywine below Chadd's Ford Junction, Chester County.
Hacker's, Trout and Akron Runs near Ephrata, Lancaster County; Sugar Valley Run, Mifflin County; Wopsonomick Valley Run, Blair County.
Tributary of Allegheny River at Warren, Warren County; Alle- gheny River at Foxburg, Clarion County; Wehrle's, Simpson's, McKenny, Burnhamer, Besnham, Rock, Heilman, Smitten, Martin's, Mud Lick, Smicksburg, Groft's, McCormick's Runs, Ross Run and branch, Elders and Little Runs, Pickering Run and small branch, feeder to Crooked Run, Grant and Pine Townships, tributary of North Branch of Two Lick Creek, Pine Creek and Marion Branch, Susquehanna Creek, Branches of Crooked and Little Mahoning Creeks, Cowanshanoc, Indiana County; Castleman River at Meyers- dale, Somerset County.
44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Leuciscus elongatus (Kirtland).
Simpson's, Cherry, McKenny, McCormick's, Mud Lick, Smicks- burg, Groft's, Allen's, Home, Burnhamer, Besnham, Ross, Rock, Saltgiver, Broad Head, Elders, Little, Crooked, Smitten, Pickering and Martin's Runs, tributary North Branch Two Lick Creek, Pine Creek and Marion Branch, Pine Township, Susquehanna Creek, branches of Ross Run and Crooked Creek, Indiana County.
Abramis crysoleucas (Mitchill).
Hunter's Run tributary to Ridley Creek and upper branch of Taylor's Run, Chester County; Long Neck at Tinicum Island, Naylor's Run, Delaware County; Gladwyne, Montgomery County; Torresdale, Philadelphia County; Guinea Creek, Bucks County.
Cocalico Creek near Denver and Swamp Bridge, Lancaster County.
Notropis bifrenatus (Cope).
Torresdale, Philadelphia County; Neshaminy Creek near Lang- horne, Etterton and Long Pond, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Guinea Creek, Bucks County; Naylor's Run, Delaware County.
Notropis deliciosus (Girard).
Mr. Wehrle secured one from a tributary to Ross Run, Indiana County, in September of 1911. This species is only known from Pennsylvania waters by the previous record of Evermann and Bollman, for the Monongahela basin.
Notropis procne (Cope).
Neshaminy Creek near Etterton and Long Pond, and Mill Creek at Wycombe, Bucks County.
Notropis hudsonius amarus (Girard).
Bustleton, Philadelphia County; Neshaminy Creek near Lang- horne, Bridgetown, Etterton and Long Pond, Bucks County. Notropis whipplii analostanus (Girard).
Walton Run near Byberry, Philadelphia County; Schuylkill River near Mill Creek, Gladwyne and near-by quarry-holes, Valley Forge, Walnut Hill, Montgomery County; first and second tribu- taries of Brandywine below Chadd's Ford Junction, Crossart, Chester County; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Etterton and Long Pond, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Scott's Creek, Bucks County.
Akron and Trout Runs near Ephrata, Lancaster County; Juniata River at Newton Hamilton, Mifflin County.
Notropis cornutus (Mitchill).
Tributary of Brandywine below Chadd's Ford Junction, Crossart, Crum Creek near White Horse, Reese's Run, Chester County;
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 45
Naylor's Run, Delaware County; Schuylkill River at Mill Creek estuary, Beth Ayres, Walnut Hill, Montgomery County; Walton Run near Byberry, Philadelphia County; Tottam Creek, Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Bridgetown, Etterton, Long Pond, Mill Creek at Flushing, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Bucks County; tributary of Bushkill Creek at Belfast, Northampton County.
Trout Run, Witmer's Mills and Snokestown Run, Lancaster County.
Tributary North Branch of Two Lick Creek, feeder to Crooked Run, Grant and Pine Townships, Burnhamer, Besnham, Ross, Saltgiver, Broad Head, Elders, Little, Groft's, Mud Lick, Crooked, Smicksburg, Smitten, Hileman and Pickering Runs, Susquehanna Creek, small branch of Pickering Run, branch of Big Mahoning Creek, Cowanshanoc, branch of Crooked Creek, McCormick's Run and branch of Ross Run, branch of Little Mahoning Creek, Indiana County.
Notropis rubrifrons (Cope).
Two from a small branch of Pickering Run and seventeen from a branch of Big Mahoning Creek, Indiana County. Only known from the Kiskiminitas and Monongahela basins, in Pennsylvania.
Notropis photogenis amoenus (Abbott).
Abundant in the Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne and Bridge- town, Bucks County. Ericymba buccata Cope.
Two Lick Creek, small branch of Pickering Run, Ramsey's Cherry, Burnhamer, Besnham, Mud Lick, Groft's, Ross, Elders, Little, Smitten and Pickering Runs, Pine Township, tributary North Branch of Two Lick Creek, branch and feeder to Crooked Run, Indiana County.
Rhinicb.tb.ys atronasus (Mitchill).
Brandywine tributary below Chadd's Ford Junction, Crossart, Crum Creek near White Horse, Reese's Run, Hunter's Run tributary to Ridley Creek, Chester County; Naylor's Run, Reese's Run near Central Square, Delaware County; Walton Run near Byberry, Philadelphia County; Beth Ayres, Walnut Hill, Mill Creek at Gladwyne, Trout Run near Centerville, Montgomery County ; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Etterton, Long Pond, Mill Creek at Flushing, Biookfield Run, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Bucks County; tributary of Bushkill Creek at Belfast, Northampton County.
Hacker's Run near Ephrata, Cocalico Creek near Denver, Lan-
46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
caster County; Sugar Valley Run, Mifflin County; Wopsonomick Valley Run and tributary from Kettle Reservoir, Blair County.
Tributary of Allegheny River at Warren, Warren County; Wehrle's, Cherry, McKenny, Rock, Allen's, Home, Burnhamer, Besnham, Saltgiver, Broad Head, Elders, Mud Lick, Little, Simpson, Groft's, Smitten, Pickering and Martin's Runs, Pine Creek and Marion Branch, Grant and Pine Townships. Susquehanna Creek, Cowanshanoc, branch of Big Mahoning Creek, branch of Crooked Creek, McCormick's Run, branch of Ross Run, feeder to Crooked Run, Indiana County; -Castleman River at Meyersdale, Somerset County. Exoglossum maxillingaa (Le Sueur).
Abundant in the Schuylkill River near mouth of Mill Creek, Montgomery County. This is the most eastern locality in Penn- sylvania where the species has been secured. Also one from Mr. O. H. Behr taken in the Loyalsock Creek near Lopez, Sullivan County.
Cyprinus oarpio Linnseus.
Delaware River at Torresdale, Philadelphia County; Trout Run near Ephrata and Witmer's Mills, Lancaster County; Erie, Erie County. Carpiodes thompsoni Agassiz.
Erie.
Catostomus oommersonnii (Lacepede).
Crum Creek near Castle Rock, Hunter's Run tributary to Ridley Creek, Chester County; Naylor's Run, Delaware County; Mill Creek at Gladwyne, Beth Ayres, Walnut Hill, Valley Forge, Mont- gomery County; Walton Run near Byberry, Philadelphia County; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Etterton, Long Pond, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Guinea Creek, Scott's Creek, Bucks County; tributary of Bushkill Creek at Belfast, Northampton County.
Trout Run near Ephrata, Lancaster County.
Castleman River at Meyersdale, Somerset County; Meadow Run near Ohio Pyle, Fayette County; Allegheny River at Foxburg, Clarion County; Wehrle's, Home, Mud Lick, Smicksburg, Groft's, Burnhamer, and Martin's Runs, Grant Township, tributary North Branch of Two Lick Creek, Pine Creek and Marion Branch, Cowan- shanock, branch of Crooked Creek, McCormick's Run and branch of Ross Run, feeder to Crooked Run, Indiana County; Erie, Erie County.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 47
Catostomus nigricans Le Sueur.
Cocalico Creek near Denver, Lancaster County; McKenny Run and tributary North Branch of Two Lick Creek, Indiana County; Neshannock River at Newcastle, Lawrence County.
Erimyzon sucetta oblongus (Mitchill).
Chester Creek near Cheney, Chester County; Walnut Hill, Montgomery County; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Guinea Creek, Bucks County; tributary of Bushkill Creek at Belfast, Northampton County; Cocalico Creek at Witmer's Mills, Lancaster County.
Moxostoma aureolum (Le Sueur).
Home, Elders, Little and Cowanshanoc Runs, branch of Big Mahoning Creek, Grant and Pine Townships, Indiana County; Erie, Erie County.
Ameiurus lacustris (Walbaum).
Erie.
Ameiurus nebulosus ( Le Sueur).
Chester Creek near Cheney, Chester County; Mill Creek and quarry-holes at Gladwyne, Montgomery County; Long Neck at Tinicum Island, Delaware County; Scott's Creek, and Mill Creek at Wycombe, Bucks County ; Trout Run near Ephrata and Witmer's Mills, Lancaster County; Cherry, McKenny and Simpson's Runs, Indiana County.
Noturus flavus Rafinesque.
Two Lick Creek and Cherry Run, Indiana County. Schilbeodes gyrinus (Mitchill).
Big Neshaminy Creek at Etterton and near Long Pond, Bucks County.
Esox americanus (Gmelin).
Long Neck at Tinicum Island, Delaware County; Scott's Creek and near Penn Valley, Bucks County; Cocalico Creek at Witmer's Mills, Lancaster County.
I have examined several large examples of E. masquinongy at Erie, taken in Presque Isle Bay. Umbra limi (Kirtland).
Meadeville, Crawford County.
Umbra pygmaea (De Kay).
Scott's Creek near Penn Valley and Guinea Creek, Bucks County. Fundulus heteroclitus maorolepidotus (Walbaum). Scott's Creek, Bucks County.
48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb-,
Fundulus diaphanus (Le Sueur).
Upper branch of Taylor's Run, Mill Run, tributary of Brandywine Creek below Chadd's Ford Junction, Chester County; quarry-hole near Gladwyne, Montgomery County; Neshamlny Creek near Langhorne, Etterton and Long Pond, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Scott's Creek, Bucks County.
Tylosurus marinus (Walbaum).
Delaware River at Philadelphia; Susquehanna River at Pequea, Lancaster County, in May, 1903.
Eucalia inconstans (Kirtland).
Allegheny River at Foxburg, Clarion County.
Apeltes quadracus (Mitchill).
Scott's Creek, Bucks County.
Pomoxis sparoides (Lacepede).
Delaware River at Torresdale, Philadelphia County.
Ambloplites rupestris (Rafinesque).
Cherry and Simpson's Runs, Indiana County.
Enneacanthus gloriosus (Holbrook).
Delaware River at Torresdale, Philadelphia County.
Lepomis auritus (Linneeus).
Hunter's Run, upper branch of Taylor's Run and Mill Run, tributaries of Ridley Creek, tributary of Brandywine below Chadd's Ford Junction, Chester County; Naylor's Run, Delaware County; Walton Run near Byberry, Philadelphia County; Mill Creek and Schuylkill River near Gladwyne, Walnut Hill, Montgomery County; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Bridgetown, Etterton, Long Pond, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Scott's Creek, Bucks County.
Eupomotis gibbOBUS (Linnaeus).
Chester Creek near Cheney, Chester County; Long Neck at Tinicum Island, Delaware County; Walnut Hill, Montgomery County; Neshaminy Creek near Langhorne, Bridgetown, Long Pond, Etterton, Scott's Creek, Guinea Creek, Bucks County; Akron and Trout Runs near Ephrata, Cocalico Creek near Denver, Swamp Bridge and Witmer's Mills, Lancaster County.
Micropterus dolomieu Lacepede.
Schuylkill River near mouth of Mill Creek, Montgomery County; Neshaminy Creek near Bridgetown, Bucks County; Juniata River at Newton Hamilton, Mifflin County; Erie, Erie County. I also have examined many examples of M . salmoides at the last locality.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 49
Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill).
Erie, Erie County.
Stizostedion canadense (Griffiths).
Erie.
Perca flavesoens (Mitchill).
Scott's Creek, Bucks County; Erie, Erie County.
Percina caprodes (Rafinesque).
Erie.
Hadropterus macrocephalus (Cope).
Tributary to North Branch of Two Lick Creek and Mud Lick Run, Indiana County.
Boleosoma nigrum (Rafinesque).
Allegheny River at Foxburg, Clarion County; McKenny, Simp- son's, Allen's, Home, Bernham, Rock, Elders, Little, Smitten, Mud Lick, Groft's, Hileman and Martin's Runs, Grant and Pine Town- ships, tributary North Branch of Two Lick Creek, small branch of Pickering Run, branch of Big Mahoning Creek, branch of Crooked Creek, McCormick's Run and branch of Ross Run, feeder to Crooked Run, Pine Creek and Marion Branch, Indiana County.
Boleosoma nigrum olmstedi (Storer).
Reese's Run, Crum Creek near White Horse, Hunter's Run tributary to Ridley Creek, upper branch of Taylor's Run, Mill Run, Chester Creek near Cheney, tributary of Brandywine Creek below Chadd's Ford Junction, Chester County; Naylor's Run, Delaware County; Walton Run near Byberry, Philadelphia County; Mill Creek at Gladwyne, Walnut Hill, Montgomery County; Mill Creek at Flushing, Brookfield Run, Neshaminy Creek at Etterton, Long Pond, near Langhorne, Mill Creek at Wycombe, Guinea Creek, Bucks County ; tributary to Bushkill Creek at Belfast, Northampton County.
Cocalico Creek near Ephrata and Denver, Trout and Snokestown Run, Lancaster County; Sugar Valley Run, Mifflin County; Wop- sonomick Valley Run, Blair County.
Etheostoma flabellare Rafinesque.
McKenny, Cherry, Simpson's, Ross, Groft's, Smitten and Hileman Runs, Pine Township, tributary North Branch Two Lick Creek, feeder to Crooked Run, Indiana County.
Boccus chrysops (Rafinesque).
Erie, Erie County. 4
50 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Morone amerioana (Gmelin).
Scott's Creek, Bucks County.
Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque.
Erie.
Cottus ictalops Rafinesque.
Simpson's, Allen's, Smitten, McKenny and Cherry Runs, Sus- quehanna Creek, Indiana County; Meadow Run near Ohio Pyle, Fayette County.
Cottus gracilis Heckel.
Trout Run near Ephrata, Lancaster County.
Lota maculosa (Le Sueur).
Erie.
Delaware.
A few collections made during the past season, in Newcastle County, are included below.
Anguilla chrisypa Rafinesque.
West Branch of Christiana Creek (near Iron Hill, Md.).
Semotilus atromaoulatus (Mitchill).
Montchanin.
Abramis crysoleucas (Mitchill).
West Branch of Christiana Creek (near Iron Hill).
Notropis whipplii analostanus (Girard).
Granogue and West Branch of Christiana Creek (near Iron Hill).
Notropis cornutus (Mitchill).
Tributaries of the Brandywine near State line, Guyencourt, and West Branch of Christiana Creek (near Iron Hill).
Rhinicb.tb.ys atronasus (Mitchill).
Tributaries of the Brandywine near State line, Granogue, Guyen- court and Montchanin.
Catostomus commersonnii (Lacepede).
Guyencourt and West Branch of Christiana Creek (near Iron Hill).
Lepomis auritus (Linnseus).
West Branch of Christiana Creek (near Iron Hill).
Eupomotis gibbosus (Linmeus).
With preceding species. Boleosoma nigrum olmstedi (Storer).
Guyencourt and West Branch of Christiana Creek (near Iron Hill).
1912.] natural sciences of philadelphia. 51
Maryland.
Most of my own collections were made in Cecil County, while a few smaller ones are from Baltimore. In that city I have also examined many market fishes, especially those alleged to have been taken in Chesapeake Bay. Mr. E. G. Vanatta made collections at Chestertown, and Messrs. Hermann Behr and T. D. Keim at Jennings, in Garrett County.
Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus.
Abundant in the spring and in early June in Clearwater Brook at Bacon Hill, tributary to the Elk River basin. In this stream I have secured many young, and also in the Little Bohemia Creek. Fishermen say lampreys are abundant in the Elk and North East Rivers and at Rock Hall.
Acipenser sturio Linnaeus.
Scarce now in the Elk, North East and Susquehanna Rivers. I have seen examples in the Baltimore markets, though none now in our collections.
Lepisosteus osseus (Linnaeus).
A small mounted example recently examined, though not obtained for our collection, was taken in the Elk River. This fish was rather abundant at times about the fisheries along the North East River. Pomolobus mediocris (Mitchill).
Runs in the Elk and North East Rivers, also Little and Big Bohemia Creeks in their lower reaches. A number of examples examined at the fisheries and in the markets of Baltimore. This fish, also P. cestivalis and the next, are taken at Rock Hall.
Pomolobus pseudoharengus (Wilson).
Abundant in the Elk, Bohemia, North East and Susquehanna Rivers, and ascending well above tide or in the small fresh branches. The multitudes examined were from the Little Bohemia Creek, Bohemia Mills, Big Bohemia Creek, Bohemia Bridge, Elk Neck, North East, and from Chesapeake Bay (Baltimore markets). Alosa sapidissima (Wilson.)
Runs in the larger streams, as the Elk, Bohemia, North East and Susquehanna Rivers, from all of which I have examined material. I have collected, however, only young examples in the Little and Big Bohemia Creeks, and at Elk Neck and North East. In the fishing season many fine examples may be seen exposed in the Balti- more and other markets.
54
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF
[Feb.,
Ameiurus nebulosus (Le Sueur).
I have examined many examples from the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks and at North East, Cecil County. Others from Broad Creek, Harford Count}'.
Schilbeodes gyrinus (Mitchill). Once taken at Gynn Falls.
Schilbeodes insignis (Richardson).
Conewingo Creek near Conewingo.
Esox americanus (Gmelin).
Frequently found in Clearwater Brook, Cecil County, and Broad Creek, Harford County.
Esox reticulatus Le Sueur.
I have found it in the Little Bohemia Creek.
Umbra pygmaea (De Kay).
Abundant in Clearwater Brook, in the Big Bohemia Creek, and at Elk Neck.
Fundulus majalis (Walbaum).
Patapsco River near Baltimore, Tolchester and Chestertown.
Fundulus heteroolitus macrolepidotus (Walbaum).
Very abundant in all fresh tidal waters. My examples from the Patapsco River, Tolchester, Chestertown, Elk Neck, Fishing Creek, North East, and Big and Little Bohemia Creeks.
Fundulus diaphanus (Le Sueur).
Abundant in the Gunpowder River, Patapsco River, Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, North East, Elk Neck and Fishing Creek.
Cyprinodon variegatus Lacepede.
Tolchester and Chestertown.
Tylosurus marinus (Walbaum).
North East River at North East, Elk River at Elk Neck, and Little Bohemia Creek.
Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus).
One purchased in the Baltimore market, said to have been taken in Chesapeake Bay.
Menidia beryllina (Cope).
Abundant in the Patapsco River at Baltimore, the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, and the Elk River at Elk Neck.
Menidia menidia notata (Mitchill).
Abundant in the Patapsco River at Baltimore and at Tolchester.
-;'.
•
1912.]
NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.
55
Apeltes quadracus (Mitchill).
Found in the Gunpowder River, the Big Bohemia River and Fishing Creek, the latter a tributary of the Elk River below Elk
Neck.
Soomberomorus maculatus (Mitchill).
Specimens examined in the Baltimore markets were said to have been taken in Chesapeake Bay.
Selene vomer (Linnaeus).
Included as Mr. T. D. Keim assures me he has examined 4 examples secured at Rock Hall several years ago.
Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus).
Many examined in the Baltimore markets.
Enneacanthus gloriosus (Holbrook).
Little Bohemia Creek and Chestertown.
Lepomis auritusK Linnaeus).
North East Creek, Conewingo Creek, Octoraro Creek near Row- landville, Little Bohemia Creek, Fishing Creek tributary to Elk River near Elk Neck, and Stony Run.
Eupomotis gibbosus (Linnaeus).
Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, North East, Elk Neck, Fishing Creek, and Stony Run.
Micropterus dolomieu Lac6pede.
Little Bohemia Creek. Perca flavescens (Mitchill).
Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, North East, Fishing Creek near Elk Neck, and Octoraro Creek near Rowlandville. Many examples in the Baltimore markets.
Boleosoma nigrum olmstedi (Storer).
Patapsco River at Baltimore, Big Bohemia Creek, Stony Run, Conewingo Creek, Octoraro Creek near Rowlandville, and tribu- taries near Porter's Bridge. Roccus lineatus (Bloch).
Found in the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks at North East. I have examined many in the Baltimore markets from Chesapeake Bay.
Morone americana (Gmelin).
Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, Bohemia Mills, North East and Elk Neck. Many Chesapeake Bay examples seen in the Baltimore markets.
_
•
52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Brevoortia tyrannus (Latrobe).
Patapsco River at Baltimore, Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, and Elk River at Elk Neck.
Anchovia mitchilli (Valencienrfes).
Tolchester Beach.
Anguilla chrisypa Rafinesque.
North East, Stony Run, Clearwater Brook near Bacon Hill, Conewingo Creek, Little and Big Bohemia Creeks, Elk Neck and Chestertown. Numerous large ones sometimes seen in the Baltimore markets.
Hybognathus nuchalis regius (Girard).
Patapsco River at Baltimore, North East, and Fishing Creek, a tributary to Elk River near Elk Neck. Many examples, and all obtained in tidal waters.
Semotilus bullaris (Rafinesque).
Octoraro Creek near Rowlandville, Cecil County; Peddler Run, Harford County. Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill).
Stony Run and tributaries of the Octoraro Creek near Porter's Bridge. Also found in the headwaters of the Castleman River near Jennings.
Leuciscus vandoisulus Valenciennes.
Very abundant in Stony Run and its small tributaries, and also found in the first tributary below emptying into the North East River. Abundant in small tributaries of the Octoraro Creek near Porter's Bridge.
Abramis crysoleucas (Mitchill).
Very common in the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, Elk River and its tributary Fishing Creek, and also the North East River. My numerous examples from: Little Bohemia Creek, Bohemia Mills, Bohemia Bridge, Elk Neck, North East, Stony Run, Cone- wingo and in the Susquehanna River, Cecil County; Broad Creek, Harford County.
Notropis bifrenatus (Cope).
A few in tributaries of the Big Bohemia Creek.
Notropis procne (Cope).
Frequent in Stony Run, Cecil County.
Notropis hudsonius amarus (Clinton).
North East River at North East, and the Octoraro Creek above Rowlandville.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 53
Notropis whipplii analostanus (Girard).
A few in Peddler Run, Harford County, and Conewingo Creek near Conewingo (estuary). Abundant at Gynn Falls near Baltimore, and in Stony Run.
Notropis cornutus (Mitchill).
Abundant at Gynn Falls near Baltimore, Stony Run, Conewingo Creek, and the Octoraro above Rowlandsville.
Notropis photogenis amoenus (Abbott).
Stony Run, and Conewingo Creek near Conewingo. Rhinichthys atronasus (Mitchill).
Many examples from Stony Run, first tributary of North East River below Stony Run, clearwater Brook near Bacon Hill, tribu- taries of Big Bohemia Creek, tributaries of the Octoraro Creek near Porter's Bridge, Cecil County; Peddler Run, Harford County; headwaters of the Castleman River near Jennings, Garrett County.
Hybopsis kentuckiensis (Rafinesque).
Very abundant in Stony Run, the Conewingo Creek, the Octoraro Creek near Octoraro, above Rowlandville and near Porter's Bridge, Cecil County; Broad Creek, Harford County; headwaters of the Castleman River near Jennings, Garrett County. This species delights in rapid or turbulent foamy streams, and is a fair pan fish.
Exoglossum maxillingua (Le Sueur).
Common in Stony Run, Conewingo Creek and the Octoraro Creek above Rowlandville. .
Cyprinus carpio Linnseus.
Found in the Little Bohemia Creek and Piney Creek. I have also examined many examples in the markets of Baltimore.
Catostomus oommersonnii (Lac6pede).
Abundant in Stony Run, Conewingo Creek near Conewingo, the Big Bohemia Creek and at Jennings.
Catostomus nigricans Le Sueur.
Stony Run and Gynn Falls.
Erimyzon sucetta oblongus (Mitchill).
Common in Clearwater Brook near Bacon Hill, Stony Run and the Big Bohemia Creek.
Ameiurus catus (Linnaeus).
Many examples from North East, Elk Neck, Chestertown, Big and Little Bohemia Creeks. Many also seen in the Baltimore, markets.
54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.r
Ameiurus nebulosus (Le Sueur).
I have examined many examples from the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks and at North East, Cecil County. Others from Broad Creek, Harford County.
Schilbeodes gyrinus (Mitchill). Once taken at Gynn Falls.
Schilbeodes insignis (Richardson).
Conewingo Creek near Conewingo.
Esox americanus (Gmelin).
Frequently found in Clearwater Brook, Cecil County, and Broad Creek, Harford County.
Esox reticulatus Le Sueur.
I have found it in the Little Bohemia Creek.
Umbra pygmaea (De Kay).
Abundant in Clearwater Brook, in the Big Bohemia Creek, and at Elk Neck.
Fundulus majalis (Walbaum).
Patapsco River near Baltimore, Tolchester and Chestertown. Fundulus heteroolitus macrolepidotus (Walbaum).
Very abundant in all fresh tidal waters. My examples from the Patapsco River, Tolchester, Chestertown, Elk Neck, Fishing Creek, North East, and Big and Little Bohemia Creeks.
Fundulus diaphanus (Le Sueur).
Abundant in the Gunpowder River, Patapsco River, Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, North East, Elk Neck and Fishing Creek.
Cyprinodon variegatus Lacepede.
Tolchester and Chestertown.
Tylosurus marinus (Walbaum).
North East River at North East, Elk River at Elk Neck, and Little Bohemia Creek.
Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus).
One purchased in the Baltimore market, said to have been taken in Chesapeake Bay.
Menidia beryllina (Cope).
Abundant in the Patapsco River at Baltimore, the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, and the Elk River at Elk Neck. Menidia menidia no tata (Mitchill).
Abundant in the Patapsco River at Baltimore and at Tolchester.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 55
Apeltes quadracus (Mitehill).
Found in the Gunpowder River, the Big Bohemia River and Fishing Creek, the latter a tributary of the Elk River below Elk
Neck.
Scomberomorus maculatus (Mitehill).
Specimens examined in the Baltimore markets were said to have been taken in Chesapeake Bay.
Selene vomer (Linnaeus).
Included as Mr. T. D. Keim assures me he has examined 4 examples secured at Rock Hall several years ago.
Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus).
Many examined in the Baltimore markets.
Enneacanthus gloriosus (Holbrook).
Little Bohemia Creek and Chestertown.
Lepomis auritusI(Linnseus).
North East Creek, Conewingo Creek, Octoraro Creek near Row- landville, Little Bohemia Creek, Fishing Creek tributary to Elk River near Elk Neck, and Stony Run.
Eupomotis gibbosus (Linnaeus).
Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, North East, Elk Neck, Fishing Creek, and Stony Run.
Micropterus dolomieu Lacepede.
Little Bohemia Creek. Perca flavescens (Mitehill).
Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, North East, Fishing Creek near Elk Neck, and Octoraro Creek near Rowlandville. Many examples in the Baltimore markets.
Boleosoma nigrum olmstedi (Storer).
Patapsco River at Baltimore, Big Bohemia Creek, Stony Run, Conewingo Creek, Octoraro Creek near Rowlandville, and tribu- taries near Porter's Bridge. Roccus lineatus (Bloch).
Found in the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks at North East. I have examined many in the Baltimore markets from Chesapeake Bay.
Morone americana (Gmelin).
Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, Bohemia Mills, North East and Elk Neck. Many Chesapeake Bay examples seen in the Baltimore markets.
56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Archosargus probatocephalus (Walbaum).
Several large ones seen in the Baltimore markets said to have been taken in Chesapeake Bay, likewise many examples of the next species.
Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier). Leiostomus xanthurus LacSpede.
Many from the Big and Little Bohemia Creeks, Tolchester, Patapsco River at Baltimore, and others in the Baltimore markets from Chesapeake Bay.
Micropogon undulatus (Linnaeus).
Many from Chesapeake Bay in the Baltimore markets.
Tautoga onitis (Linnaeus).
Young in the Patapsco River at Baltimore.
Cottus ictalops (Rafinesque).
Headwaters of the Castleman River at Jennings.
Cottus gracilis Heckel.
Stony Run.
Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum).
Several from Chesapeake Bay in the Baltimore markets.
Achirus fasciatus Lacepfide."
Big Bohemia Creek.
Virginia.3
Several collections were made at Watchapreague, in Accomac County, in May of 1911. The Academy is also indebted to Mr. T. M. Milliner for additional material from this region. Besides these I have examined many species in the Norfolk market and at the fisheries at Virginia Beach in 1909. All with the * are from off Cedar Island.
' An interesting collection of fishes was obtained in the Cape Fear River region ol North Carolina in May of 1908 by Dr. H. A. Pilsbry. Fundulus nottii (Ag.), Gambusia gracilis Heck, and Heterandria formosa Ag. are from the Green- field mill-pond at Wilmington. The following are all from Southport. Anguilla chrisypa Raf., Mugil cephalus Linn., Trachinotus carolinus (Linn.), Choenobryttus gulosus (Cuv.), Lepomis punctatus (Val.), L. incisor (Val.), Eupomotis gibbosus (Linn.), Micropterus salmoides (Lac), Perca flavescens (Mitch.), Centropristis strialus (Linn.), Orthopristis chrysopterus (Linn.), Hcemulon plumieri (Lac), Otrynter caprinus (Bean), Calamus leucosteus Jord., Diplodus holbrookii (Bean), Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuv.), Bairdiella chrysura (Lac), Leiostomus xanthurus Lac, Micropogon undulatus (Linn.) and Paralichthys lethostigmus Jord. Gilb. Lepomis punctatus was previously only known from South Carolina to Florida.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 57
*Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus. *Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus): *Raja erinacea Mitchill.
Large examples of Acipenser sturio examined at Watchapreague and Cedar Island, though none preserved.
Anguilla chrisypa Rafinesque.
Young found on Parmores Island and others, besides adults, in Locustville Branch.
*Pomolobus medioeris (Mitchill). *Pomolobus pseudoharengus (Wilson). *Alosa sapidissitna (Wilson).
Many examples of Opisthonema oglinum examined at Virginia Beach.
*Brevoortia tyrannus (Latrobe). Virginia Beach.
Umbra pygmaea (De Kay).
Common in upper still reaches of Locustville Branch. Esox americanus was also found in the same place, though no examples preserved.
Fundulus majalis (Walbaum).
Watchapreague Inlet and about Parmores Island.
Fundulus beteroclitus macrolepidotus (Walbaum).
Watchapreague, Cedar and Parmores Islands, tidal reaches of Locustville Branch and Virginia Beach.
Fundulus diaphanus (Le Sueur).
Locustville Branch just above tide.
Fundulus luciae (Baird).
I found it in small numbers in the little pools on Parmores Island, associated with equal numbers of F. heteroclitus macrolepidotus. Many were in high coloration. None were found associated with Gasterosteus. I .also found this species abundant in fresh pools, near the edge of the salt marsh, in the lower basin of Locustville Branch. In this place they were associated with Cyprinodon. Cyprinodon variegatus Lacepede.
Cedar and Parmores Islands, and lower basin of Locustville Branch. Virginia Beach.
Lucania parva (Baird).
Common in fresh or brackish pools of Parmores Island.
58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Gambusia gracilis Heck-el.
Found in fresh pools, near the sea, at Virginia Beach. Abundant in the fresh-water ditches in the lower basin of Locustville Branch.
Menidia menidia notata (Mitchill.)
Watchapreague Inlet.
Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus.
Very abundant in purely fresh-water lagoons on Parmores Island, and found associated only with Cyprinodon. All were quite small, and many of the males with bright scarlet axillary ventral membranes, otherwise the coloration mostly olive-green. This is the most southern locality at which I have obtained this species, and it is also noteworthy that all the individuals were so dwarfed.
Syngnathus fuscus Storer.
Watchapreague Inlet.
*Scomber scombrus Linnaeus.
I have also examined many examples of the following in the Norfolk markets: Sarda sarda, Scomberomorus maculatus, Seriola lalandi, Pomatomus saltatrix, Seserinus paru, Poronotus triacanthus, Lobotes surinamensis, Archosargus probatocephalus, Cynoscion regalis, C. nebulosus, Scicenops ocellatus, Leiostomus xanthurus, Micropogon undulatus, Pogonias cromis, and Paralichthys dentatus. Almost all these were said to have been captured in the pounds in Hampton Roads. At Virginia Beach I found: Sarda sarda, Trichiurus lepturus, Seriola lalandi, Seserinus paru, Poronotus triacanthus, Cynoscion regalis, C. nebulosus, Bairdiella chrysura, Leiostomus xanthurus, Micropogon undulatus, Alutera schoepfii, Chilomycterus schoepfi, and Lophius piscatorius.
♦Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus). *Poronotus triacanthus (Peck). Aphredoderus sayanus (Gilliams).
Locustville Branch.
Eupomotis gibbosus (Linnaeus).
Locustville Branch.
Morone americana (Gmelin).
Locustville Branch.
*Orthopristis ohrysopterus (Linnaeus).
Parmores Island.
*Stenotomus chrysops (Linnaeus). *Lagodon rhomboides (Linnaeus).
1912.1 NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 59
"Cynoscion regalis (Schneider).
Parmores Island.
*Bairdiella cb.rysu.ra (Lacepede).
Parmores Island.
I have found Leiostomus xantkurus at Old Point Comfort.
*Micropogon undulatus (Linnaeus). *Menticirrhus americanus (Linnaeus).
Parmores Island.
Pagonias cromis and Sciamops ocellatus frequently taken off Cedar Island and brought to Watchapreague, where I examined many.
*Tautoga onitis (Linnaeus). *Spheroides maculatus (Schneider).
Parmores Island.
♦Chilomycterus schoepfi (Walbaum).
I have also found Alutera schoepfii at Hampton Roads.
*Prionotus evolans strigatus (Cuvier). ♦Lophopsetta maculata (Mitchill). *Paralichthys dentatus (Linnseus). *Opsanus tau (Linna?us).
Also at Hampton Roads. *Merluccius bilinearis (Mitchill). *Lophius piscatorius Linnaeus.
60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
FIXATION OF SINGLE TYPE iLECTOTYPIC) SPECIMENS OF SPECIES OF
AMERICAN OFvTHOPTERA.1
SECTION ONE. BY JAMES A. G. REHN AND MORGAN HEBARD.
The majority of present-day workers in systematic zoology are in accord on matters tending toward fixity of specific names, one of the most important of these being the limitation of the specific name to a single type specimen in cases where the original author had extensive series which he had considered typical, but of which no single type individual was selected. It not infrequently happened in such cases that two or more species were confused* by the author, and the limitation of the name to one of the components is necessary for intelligible work.
In the distributional and taxonomic work on Orthoptera in which the authors are engaged, the necessity for single type (lectotypic) fixations has become imperative, and after due consideration and examination of the type series and study of the context of the original descriptions, we have made the following fixations.
In the few cases where the specific names have already been restricted or types already properly selected, such action has been followed unreservedly unless the author restricting the name has ap- plied it to a form not represented in the original cotypic series. In the case of proper previous limitations of names we have selected types in accord with such work.
In the ensuing papers the species will be treated in groups, using as divisions the titles of the various papers whose components are considered in the subsequent pages.
Although the selection of a single type was recommended by the last International Entomological Congress, no rules have as yet been adopted governing such selections. It seems to us to be obvious that under the present conditions certain logical methods should be followed in selecting the type, but not so rigidly that special cases which are found should not receive special treatment.
1 In papers where other than North American species are treated it has seemed best for the unity of the work to fix such exotic types as well.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 61
In fixing the types of the species of Orthoptera described in the papers treated below we follow the law of line priority, designating from the original series a specimen from the first locality mentioned, except where other factors are found to be of greater importance, the most important of which may be stated as follows:
1. Preference is given to the sex which shows the greater amount of differentiation.
2. A figured specimen is selected in cases where this specimen can be located with certainty and no faulty work is involved.
3. In cases where the first record or records given are too general, doubtful or erroneous in character, a cotype from the first definite and unquestionably authentic locality is selected.
Where a specimen would be selected as type in accordance with the above rules, but is found to be in a badly damaged condition or known to be either destroyed or lost, preference in the selection will be given the next available individual of the typical series.
The nomenclature given will be that of the original description, as these papers are not intended to be at all revisionary.
I. "New North American Acridid^e, Found North of the Mex- ican Boundary, " by Lawrence Bruner. (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.; Vol. 12, pp. 47-82, PI. I, 1889.)
The specimens, on which the species described in the paper under consideration were based, are now to be found almost wholly in the United States National Museum and the Hebard Collection, the junior author having recently acquired from Professor Bruner his entire North American Collection of Orthoptera. The types them- selves are divided between the two collections, as a small part of the material originally belonged to the United States National Museum, the rest to Professor Bruner. The author did not give the exact location of any of the material, leaving it understood that part was in his own collection and part in that of the National Museum.
The labelling of specimens treated in this paper is not uniform, in most cases the entire series of specimens of a new species was labelled "TYPE" by the author, but in a few instances no type labels what- ever were written.
In the present paper we are unable to use the plate of figures, except in the case of the unique figured c? Pedioscertetes pulchella, owing to the fact that the author has given us no means of deter- mining which specimen or specimens were used for figures, except in the single case here stated. All the specimens treated in this
62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
paper, except those which were subsequently sent to McNeill, and the missing type of Trimerotropis thalassica, have been examined.
Mesops cylindricus (p. 48).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from two localities.
Single type here designated : d" ; Valentine, Nebraska (along the north side of Keya Paha Creek)2, [August 10th] ; (L. Bruner) ; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Dracotettix monstrosus (p. 50).
Based on two specimens of both sexes from the same locality. Single type here designated: unique cf ; Los Angeles, California, March 5th; Coquillett; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
OCHRILIDIA (?) CRENULATA (p. 51).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from numerous localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; [Ft. Robinson],3 northwest Nebraska, [August, 1888]; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
OCHRILIDIA (?) CINEREA (p. 52).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from a number of localities.
Single type here designated: d"; Ft. McKinney, Wyoming, [July, 1883]-; (L. Bruner) ; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Mermiria texana (p. 53).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from two localities.
Single type here designated : d" ; El Paso, Texas, [November, 1887]; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Mermiria maculipennis (p. 54).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from two localities.
Single type here designated: 9 ; San Antonio, Texas, June; M. Newell; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
2 The use of parentheses here is to show such data as is contained in the original description and not on the specimen; the use of brackets indicates information found on the specimen but not contained in the original description.
3 Vide Bruner in Rehn and Hebard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 140, 1910.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 63
Syrbula acuticornis (p. 55).
Based on three female specimens from one locality. Single type here designated: 9 ; Southwestern Texas; F. G. Schaupp; Hebard Collection, ex Bmner.
Eritettix variabilis (p. 56).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens [of both sexes] from one locality.
Single type here designated: cf; Silver City, New Mexico, (May); C.H. Marsh; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Eritettix abortivus (p. 56).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from two localities.
Single type here designated: cf; Washington County, Texas, (April); (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
BOOTETTIX ARGENTATUS (p. 58).
Based on "numerous specimens" of both sexes from four localities. Single type here designated: <? ;4 Lerdo, Durango, Mexico, November; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Pedioscertetes pulchella (p. 60).
Based upon a single pair from the same locality. Single type here designated: unique cf ; Birch Creek, Idaho, August, 1883; L. Bruner; U. S. N. M. Collection.
PSOLOESSA BUDDIANA (p. 61).
Based on two female specimens from one locality. Single type here designated: 9 ; Carrizo Springs, Texas, June, [1885]; A. Wadgymar; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
PSOLOESSA ? EUROTLE (p. 62).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from one locality.
Single type here designated: c? ; Laramie River (just inside the Colorado line), July, 1883; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
4 Owing to the fact that the specimens from the first localities given in the original description have been discolored by immersion in alcohol, we have selected as type a specimen from the first definite locality represented by perfect material.
64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Arphia saussureana (p. 63).
Based on "a large series" of specimens of both sexes from one locality.
Single type here designated: d> ; Hills lying back of San Fran- cisco, California, late October, [1887]; (L. Bruner, Koebele); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
AlTLOCARA SCUDDERI (p. 63).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from many localities.
Single type here designated: 9 ; [Ft. Robinson], Nebraska, [August, 1888]; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Mestobregma pulchella (p. 64).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from the Yellowstone Valley.
Single type here designated: cf ; Glendive, Montana (below the mouth of the Powder River), (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
CONOZOA TEXANA (p. 65).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from one locality.
Type designated by McNeill, Proc. U. S. N. M., Vol. XXIII, p. 406, 1901.
"One male (type), El Paso, Texas, G. W. Dunn, collector; Bruner Collection."
This specimen, together with all others sent to McNeill for his "Revision of the Genus Trimerotropis," has not been returned to the collection from which it was borrowed.
CONOZOA ALBOLINEATA (p. 66).
Described from a single male specimen from Los Angeles, Cali- fornia, Coquillett, collector; Bruner Collection. Sent to McNeill.
CONOZOA KOEBELEI (p. 67).
Described from a single male specimen from Placer County, 'California, September, Koebele, collector; Bruner Collection. Sent to McNeill.
Trimerotropis cyaneipennis (p. 68).
Based on "numerous specimens both male and female" from one locality.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 65
Single type here designated : c? ; Near the mouth of Ogden Canon, on the upper shore line of ancient Lake Bonneville, Salt Lake Valley, Utah, [September, 1883]; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Trimerotropis azurescens (p. 69).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from four localities.
Single type here designated: 9 ; Alkali Stage Station (Green River), Wyoming, [Elevation 6,000 feet, July 27, 1877]; (S. H. Scudder) ; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner. This is the only specimen in the U. S. N. M. or Bruner Collection at present with locality agreeing exactly with any of those given in the original description.
Trimerotropis bifasciata (p. 70).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of unstated sex from one locality.
Type designated by McNeill, Proc. U. S. N. M., Vol. XXIII, p. 419, 1901.
"One male, without locality, Bruner Collection." As the original description includes but one locality, Los Angeles, California (Coquil- lett), it is natural to suppose that this specimen marked type by Bruner came from that locality.
Trimerotropis californica (p. 71).
Based on two males and one female from one locality. Single type here designated: <? ; San Louis Valley, California; Coquillett; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Trimerotropis modesta (p. 72).
Based on two female specimens from one locality.
Type designated by McNeill, Proc. U. S. N. M., Vol. XXIII, p. 426, 1901.
"One female, Silver City, New Mexico, Bruner's Type, Hebard Collection, ex Bruner."
Trimerotropis thalassica (p. 72).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from one locality.
Single type here designated: c' ; Los Angeles, California, Septem- ber-October; Koebele; U. S. N. M. Collection. Missing.
Trimerotropis pacifica (p. 73).
Described from a single male specimen from Los Angeles, Cali- fornia, Coquillett, collector; Bruner Collection. Sent to McNeill.
66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Trimerotropis perplexa (p. 74).
Based on four males and seven females from one locality.
Single type here designated: 9 ; Bad lands five or six miles to the north of Chadron, Nebraska, August, [1888]; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
ClRCOTETTIX LAPIDICOLTTS (p. 75).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from one locality.
Single type here designated: cf ; Salmon City, Idaho (Salmon River Range west of the place), [August, 1883]; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
ClRCOTETTIX SHASTANUS (p. 76).
Described from a single male specimen from Hazel Creek, Shasta County, California, August, 1885; Behrens; U. S. N. M. Col- lection.
(EDIPODA (?) OCCIDENTALS (p. 77).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens from one locality.
Single type here designated: d* ; High stony hilltops to the southwest of San Francisco, California, late October, [1887]; (Koe- bele, L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Thrinctjs (?) aridus (p. 78).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens of both sexes from one locality.
Single type here designated : cf ; Arid slopes back of Albuquerque, New Mexico, May [22, 1883] ; (L. Bruner) ; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
THRINCUS (?) MACULATUS (p. 79).
Based on four female specimens from one locality.
Single type here designated: 9 ; Needles, California; Wickham; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Haldemanella robusta (p. 81).
Based on two males and two females from one district.
Single type here designated: cf ; [Southwestern] Arizona; G. W. Dunn, Rivers; dried alcoholic specimen in Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 67
II. "The North American Ceuthophili," by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. (Proc. American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol. XXX, pp. 17-113, 1894.)
The specimens on which the species described in the present paper were based were gathered together from many sources by Mr. Scudder. The majority of these specimens became the property of Mr. Scudder, so that in choosing the lectotypic specimens we find twenty-six in the Collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, all but four being from the Scudder Collection. Of the remaining thirteen species described from material not in the Scudder Collection the lectotypes have been found to be in the following collections; nine in the Hebard Collection, ex Bruner; two in the United States National Museum Collection, and two are in the possession of H. Garman, Agr. Exp. Sta., University of Kentucky.
The labelling of specimens treated in this paper is rather uniform. All of the specimens examined and recorded, with but few exceptions, are labelled "Scudder's Type, 1894." The result is that such a label signifies only that the specimen, if belonging to a species de- scribed as new in the paper under consideration, is one of the typical series.
After each reference in the paper under consideration the collec- tion to which the material belonged is given in parentheses, but where no parentheses are to be found it is understood that the material belonged to Mr. Scudder himself. In quite a few cases, however, where there are no parentheses the material did not belong to Mr. Scudder. After the publication of this paper a very complete series was sent to Professor Bruner, all the species being represented of which Mr. Scudder had more than two specimens.
All but two of the specimens chosen as lectotypes in the present paper have been examined by the authors.
There are no figures in the paper now before us and no general statement is made in regard to the sources of the material used or the location of the types.
Ceuthophilus variegatus (p. 31).
Based on two pairs from three localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; Matamoras, Tamaulipas, Mexico; L. B. Couch; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus latebricola (p. 37).
Described from four male and six female specimens from five localities.
68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Single type here designated : d" ; Washington, District of Colum- bia; Wright; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus grandis (p. 38).
Described from one male and two females from a single locality.
Single type here designated : unique o71; Chattanooga, Tennessee; J. W. Martin; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Ceuthophilus secretus (p. 39).
Based on six males and two females from one locality. Single type here designated : c? ; Dallas, Texas ; Boll ; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus palmeri (p. 40).
Described from fourteen pairs taken in three localities.
Single type here designated : c? ; from darkest recesses of side caverns of a bat cave, Georgetown, Williamson County, Texas; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus corticicola (p. 41).
Based on five males and two females from two localities. Single type here designated : c? ; Dallas, Texas ; Boll ; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.5
Ceuthophilus varicator (p. 42).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique c? ; Waco, Texas, July 13; Mus. Comp. Zool. Collection.
Ceuthophilus seclusus (p. 45).
Based on three males and seven females from three localities. Single type here designated: cf ; Dallas County, Iowa, August 6; J. A. Allen; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus terrestris (p. 46).
Based on a series of eleven males and five females from thirteen localities.
Single type here designated: cf; Nahant, Massachusetts0; A. Agassiz; Mus. Comp. Zool. Collection.
Ceuthophilus celatus (p. 48).
Described from three males and five females from five localities.
5 There are no males of this species in the Scudder Collection.
6 All other males in the series of specimens on which the description was based are much less perfect. »
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 69
Single type here designated: 9 ; Shasta County, California; Behrens; [1885]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.7
Ceuthophilus arizonensis (p. 52).
Based on three males and nine females from two localities. Single type here designated : cf ; Prescott Mountain District, Central Arizona8; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus uniformis (p. 53).
Described from five males and nine females taken in three localities. Single type here designated : cf ; Plains of Northern New Mexico, eastern slope, October 14; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.9
Ceuthophilus heros (p. 54).
Described from three males and two females from North Carolina. Single type here designated:, cf ; North Carolina, in old hollow tree; H. K. Morrison; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus c^ecus (p. 60).
Based on one male and two females from the same locality.
Single type here designated : unique cf ; Lexington, Kentucky, June 28; S. Garman; property of H. Garman, Agr. Exp. Sta., Uni- versity of Kentucky.
Ceuthophilus nigricans (p. 61).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique cf ; Tyrone, Kentucky, April 23; S. Garman; property of H. Garman, Agr. Exp. Sta., University of Kentucky.
Ceuthophilus fusiformis (p. 62).
Described from a unique male; Lincoln, Nebraska; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Ceuthophilus sallei (p. 63).
Described from a series of one male and seven females from a single locality.
Single type here designated: unique cf ; New Orleans, Louisiana; Auguste Salle; Scudder Collection.
7 There are no adults of this species in the Scudder Collection.
8 Owing to the name given by Scudder to this species, it would seem best not to choose as lectotype a specimen from the first locality mentioned in the original description.
9 There are no specimens of this species in the Scudder Collection with more data than ''Colorado"; these cannot with certainty be considered to be of the typical series.
70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Ceuthophilus meridionalis (p. 66). Based on a unique male; Chihuahua, Mexico; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus neglectus (p. 67).
Based on thirty-one males and twenty-nine females from thirteen localities.
Single type here designated: o71 ; Ithaca, New York; Comstock; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus tenebrarum (p. 70).
Described from seven males and four females from five localities. Single type here designated: cf 10; Bee Spring, Kentucky, June; Sanborn; Mus. Comp. Zool. Collection.
Ceuthophilus bicolor (p. 72).
Described from a unique male; Bee Spring, Kentucky, June 14; F. G. Sanborn; Mus. Comp. Zool. Collection.
Ceuthophilus valgus (p. 74).
Based on six males and three females from two localities. Single type here designated: o71; Colorado, Elevation 7,000- 8,000 feet; H. K. Morrison; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus occultus (p. 77).
Described from one male and two females from Georgia. Single type here designated: 9 ; Georgia; Morrison; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus alpinus (p. 78).
Based on two pairs from two localities.
Single type here designated : cf ; South Park, Colorado, Elevation 8,000-10,000 feet, August 11-16, [1877]; S. H. Scudder; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus bruneri (p. 79).
Based on four males and five females from four localities.
Single type here designated : 9 ,* Lincoln, Nebraska, [September, 1888]; (L. Bruner); Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Ceuthophilus mexicanus (p. 82).
Described from six males from two localities.
Single type here designated: c71; San Pedro, Coahuila, Mexico, May 20; Scudder Collection.
10 This male is in much the most satisfactory condition of the specimens in the type series.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 71
Ceuthophilus crassus (p. 85). Based on one male and three females from an unknown locality. Single type here designated : unique cf ; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus pinguis (p. 86).
Based on four males from a single locality.
Single type here designated : cf ; Eagle Pass, Texas; C. O. Schott; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus inquinatus (p. 87).
Based on two males and one female from two localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; Fairbury, Nebraska, [September, 1892]; Dr. Eaton; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Ceuthophilus discolor (p. 88).
Described from a pair from different localities.
Single type here designated: unique cf ; West Point, Nebraska, [September, 1880]; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Ceuthophilus vinculatus (p. 91).
Described from four males and one female from two localities.
Single type here designated : cf ; Fort Benton, Montana, Northern Pacific Railroad Survey below Lake Jessie; Dr. Suckley; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus testaceus (p. 92).
Based on two pairs from three localities.
Single type here designated : cf ; West Point, Nebraska, [October] ; from L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Ceuthophilus latipes (p. 95).
Described from a unique male; Sierra de San Miguelito, Mexico; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection. (This specimen is half destroyed.)
Ceuthophilus henshawi (p. 97).
Described from seven males and six females from six localities. Single type here designated: cf ; Sausalito {nee Sanzalito), California; H.K.Morrison; Scudder Collection.
Ceuthophilus devius (p. 99).
Described from a pair from one region.
Single type here designated: unique cf ; Explorations of Upper Missouri and Yellowstone under Lt. Warren, Montana; F. V. Hayden; Scudder Collection.
72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Ceuthophilus neomexicanus (p. 100).
Based on four males and one female from a single locality.
Single type here designated: c? ; Fort Wingate, New Mexico; Shufeldt; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Phrixocnemis truculentus (p. 103).
Based on two males and one female from two localities. Single type here designated: d" ; Peru, Nebraska; Professor Taylor (nee Townsend) ; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Phrixocnemis validus (p. 105).
Based on a unique male; California; H. Edwards; Scudder Collection.
Phrixocnemis bellicosus (p. 106).
Based on a pair from Colorado.
Single type here designated: unique c? ; (probably Ute Pass,) Colorado, elevation 7,000 feet; H. K. Morrison; Scudder Collection.
III. "Revision of the Orthopteran Group Melanopli (Acri- diid,e), with Special Reference to North American Forms," by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 20, pp. 1-421, Plates I-XXVI, 1897.)
The greater portion of the material studied in the paper before us was the property of Mr. Scudder; but a great number of specimens, many of species which were not contained in his collection were loaned to him for study by Professor Bruner and still others were sent to him for examination by the United States National Museum. Others furnished material for this revision, but in such small quanti- ties that the paper may be said to be based almost wholly upon the material in the three mentioned collections. A very fair idea of the relative importance of these collections in the present work may be had from the number of lectotypes chosen from each of the collections in the present paper. Of these types there are fifty-seven in the Collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (all but three being from the Scudder Collection), thirty-eight in the Hebard Collection, ex Bruner, nineteen in the United States National Mu- seum, one in the McNeill Collection, one in the University of Kansas Collection, and one in the Brunner von Wattenwyl Collection.
The choice of the types in the paper under consideration has been greatly facilitated by the fact that in almost every case one of the best and most suitable specimens in the typical series is figured, the
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 73
locality at which the specimen figured was taken is given in the explanation of the plate, and each specimen so utilized bears the label " drawn" in Mr. Scudder's handwriting. It is practically certain that these are the specimens which Mr. Scudder would have chosen as the single types of his new species had such action at that time been customary.
Practically every specimen of the group used in the preparation of this work was labelled " Scudder's Type," consequently such a label signifies solely that the specimen, if belonging to a species there described as new, belonged to the typical series.
In Mr. Scudder's paper the collection to which the material belongs is given in parentheses after each reference, but where no parentheses are to be found it is understood that the material belonged to Mr. Scudder himself.
All but three of the specimens chosen as lectotypes in the present paper have been examined by the authors.
Gymnoscirtetes pusillus (p. 15).
Based on one pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured cf ,' Jacksonville, Duval County, Florida, [August, 1886]; Ashmead; Hebard Col- lection, ex Bruner.
Netrosoma fusiformis (p. 17).
Based on three male and fourteen female specimens from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured d71 ; Montelovez, Coahuila [Chihuahua in error], Mexico, September 20; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Netrosoma nigropleura (p. 18).
Based on two males from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Lerdo, Durango, Mexico; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Ph.edrotettix angustipennis (p. 22).
Based on six specimens of each sex from three localities. Single type here designated: figured d" ; Mount Alvarez, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer; U. S. N. M. Collection.
CONALCEA MIGUELITANA (p. 24).
Based on two male and three female specimens from one locality. Single type here designated : figured cf ; Sierra de San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
CoNALC^EA TRUNCATIPENNIS (p. 25).
Based on a single female specimen; Saltillo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, March 21-28; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
CONALCEA NEOMEXICANA (p. 26).
Based on a unique male: figured; Silver City, Grant County, New Mexico; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Barytetttx crassus (p. 28).
Based on one male specimen: figured; San Jose del Cabo, Lower California; G. Eisen; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Barytettix peninsula (p. 28).
Based on a unique female; Lower California; G. Eisen; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Phaulotettix compressus (p. 30).
Based on a single male: figured; Montelovez, Coahuila, Mexico, September 20; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Cephalotettix parvulus (p. 31).
Based on two males from different localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Otoyac, Vera Cruz, Mexico, Elevation 2,700 feet, December; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Rhabdotettix concinnus (p. 33).
Based on one male and two females from two localities. Single type here designated: unique figured d1 ; Waco, McLennan County, Texas, October 4, Mus. Comp. Zool. Collection.
Rhabdotettix palmerl (p. 34).
Based on eight male and twelve female specimens from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Montelovez, Coahuila, Mexico, September 22; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Cyclocercus bistrigata (p. 37).
Based on one male and four females from three localities. Single type here designated : unique figured d1 ; Venis Mecas, San Luis Potosi, Mexico, June 6; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Cyclocercus accola (p. 38).
Based on two males and a single female from two localities. Single type here designated : figured d1 ; Corpus Christ! Bay,
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 75
Nueces County, Texas, December 11-20; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Cyclocercus valga (p. 39).
Based on a unique male: figured; Sierra Nola, Tamaulipas, Mexico, December 3-6; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
SlNALOA BEHRENSII (p. 40).
Based on a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured cf; Sinaloa, Mexico; Koels; from Behrens; Scudder Collection.
Paraidemona mimica (p. 43).
Based on four males and five females from four localities. Single type here designated: figured c? ; Uvalde, Texas, last week of July; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Campylacantha similis (p. 52).
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured c? ; Lerdo, Durango, Mexico, November; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
EOTETTIX SIGNATUS (p. 54).
Based on a single male: figured; East Florida; W. H. Ashmead; McNeill Collection.
Hesperotettix meridionalis (p. 59).
Based on one male and two female specimens from two localities. Single type here designated: unique figured <? ; Guanajuato, Mexico; A. Duges; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Hesperotettix festivus (p. 60).
Based on sixty-six males and fifty-eight females from five localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Salt Lake Valley, Utah, Elevation 4,300 feet, August 1-4, [1877]; Scudder; Scudder Col- lection.
Hesperotettix pacificus (p. 61).
Based on two male and eight female specimens from two localities. Single type here designated: figured cf1; Los Angeles [County], California; Koebele; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Hesperotettix curtipennis (p. 62). Based on two females from one locality.
76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Single type here designated: 9 ; Colorado, [1884]; Morrison; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Hesperotettix pratensis (p. 64). /
Based on forty males and sixty-eight females from thirty localities. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Dallas, Texas, July 18;
Boll; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS TENUIPENNIS (p. 70).
Based on a single male: figured; Fort Grant, Graham County, Arizona; U. S. N. M. Collection.
^EOLOPLUS ELEGANS (p. 71).
Based on one male: figured; Las Cruces, Donna Ana County, New Mexico, August 8, [1893]; T. D. A. Cockerell; U. S. N. M. Collection.
iEoLOPLTJS REGALIS Sc." (p. 71).
Nee Caloptenus regalis Dodge or Melanoplus regalis Bruner.
New name, JEoloplus bruneri Caudell (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., Vol. VIII, p. 134, 1906).
Based on five males and forty-one females from seven localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Lakin, Kearny County, Kansas, elevation 3,000 feet, July-September; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS CALIFORNICUS (p. 73).
Based on one male and four female specimens from California. Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; California; Burrison; from Henshaw; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS UNIFORMIS (p. 77).
Based on a pair from two localities.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; Fort Whipple, Yavapai County, Arizona; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS ARIZONENSIS (p. 78).
Based on five males and four females from one locality. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Fort Whipple, Yavapai County, Arizona; Scudder Collection.
iEoLOPLUS OCULATUS (p. 79).
Based on one male: figured; Mohave, Arizona; Wickham; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Bradynotes caurus (p. 83).
Based on two male and six female specimens from three localities.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 77
Single type here designated : figured cf ; Yakima River opposite Ellensburg, Kittitas County, Washington, July 8-9; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Bradynotes expleta (p. 84).
Based on two males and one female from a single locality.
Single type here designated : figured cf ; Easton, Kittitas County, Washington; Scudder Collection.
Bradynotes pinguis (p. 85).
Based on five males and two females from two localities.
Single type here designated11: cf; Reno, Washoe County, Nevada, [June 23, 1890]; Hillman; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Bradynotes referta (p. 88).
Based on two males and three female specimens from two localities. Single type here designated : figured cf ; Soldier, Logan County, Idaho; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Bradynotes satur (p. 89).
Based on a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured cf ; Placer County, California, September; [Koebele]; U. S. N. M. Collection.
PODISMA VARIEGATA (p. 101).
Based on two males and one female from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Ithaca, Tomkins County, New York, elevation about 400 feet, November; J. H. Comstock; Scudder Collection.
PODISMA NUBICOLA (p. 102).
Based on ten male and seven female specimens from a single locality.
Single type here designated : figured cf ; Mount Lincoln, Park County, Colorado, above timber, elevation 11,000-13,000 feet, August 13, [1877]; S. H. Scudder; Scudder Collection.
PODISMA ASCENSOR (p. 107).
Based on a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured cf ; American Fork Canyon, Utah; A. S. Packard; Scudder Collection.
11 As the original locality of the figured specimen is in doubt, we use in this case the first exact record of locality given.
78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
PODISMA PARNASSICA (p. 113).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured d* ; Mt. Parnassus, Greece; Brunner von Wattenwyl Collection.
PODISMA DAIRISAMA (p. 114).
Based on a pair from Japan.
Single type here designated: unique figured cT ; Japan; U. S. N. M. Collection. Material can not be found.
Paratylotropidia brunneri (p. 118).
Based on a pair from different localities.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; Dakota; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus marculentus (p. 139).
Based on thirty-two male and forty-two female specimens from eight localities.
Single type here designated: figured c? ; Sierra de San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus sonor^e (p. 143).
Based on one male and four females from one locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; Sonora, Mexico; A. Schott; Mexican Boundary Survey; U. S. N. M. Collection. Material cannot be found.
Melanoplus cuneatus (p. 147).
Based on three males from three localities.
Single type here designated : figured d? ; Silver City, Grant County, New Mexico; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Melanoplus simplex (p. 150).
Based on two males and one female from Colorado.
Single type here designated ; figured <? ; Colorado, elevation 5,500 feet; Morrison; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus rileyanus (p. 151).
Based on six males and seventeen females from four localities.
Single type here designated : figured d" ; Los Angeles County, California, (May, September); Coquillett; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Melanoplus flavescens (p. 155).
Based on a single male : figured; San Diego [County], California; Coquillett; U. S. N. M. Collection.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 79
Melanoplus pictus (p. 156).
Based on a unique male: figured; Bradshaw Mountain, Arizona. June 21, [1892]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus elongatus (p. 160).
Based on five male and four female specimens from five localities. Single type here designated: figufed c? ; Bledos, San Luis Potosi, Mexico, October; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus bruneri (p. 164).
Based on twenty-three males and twenty-five females from twelve localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf; Fort McLeod, Alberta, Canada, August [1882]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus excelsus (p. 166).
Based on four male and five female specimens from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Mt. Lincoln, Park County, Colorado, above timber, elevation 11,000-13,000 feet, August 13, [1877]; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus utahensis (p. 167).
Based on a unique male; figured; Salt Lake [Valley], Utah, August 30; L. Bruner; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Melanoplus alaskanus (p. 169).
Based on two males and one female from two localities. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Alaska; T. C. Menden- hall; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Melanoplus affinis (p. 171).
Based on six males and four females from eight localities. Single type here designated: figured c? ; Salt Lake Valley, Utah, August 30; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus intermedius (p. 172).
Based on fifteen male and twenty-three female specimens from five localities.
Single type here designated: second12 figured c? ; Yellowstone, Montana, August, [1888]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
12 This specimen was chosen as type rather than tha first figured, owing to the fact that the specimen is in the best condition.
80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Melanoplus defectus (p. 177).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured d" ; Grand Junction, Mesa County, Colorado, June, [1893]; L. Bruner; Hebard Col- lection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus diminutus (p. 19(5).
Based on five males and nine females from three localities.
Single type here designated : figured <? ; Monterey, Calif ornia, October 19, next seashore; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus consanguineus (p. 192).
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured d" ; [Sonoma13] County, California, October; [Koebele]; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Melanoplus sierranus (p. 193).
Based on twenty-eight male and twenty-three female specimens from three localities.
Single type here designated: figured d1 ; Truckee, Nevada County, California, October 10; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus ater (p. 194).
Based on two males and three females from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured d" ; San Francisco, Cali- fornia, November, [1887]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus virgatus (p. 199).
Based on eleven males and twelve females from six localities.
Single type here designated14: cf ; Siskiyou County, California, July; Riley; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus uniformis (p. 201).
Described from nine male and eight female specimens from five localities.
Single type here designated: figured c? ; Sacramento County, California; Coquillett; U. S. N. M. Collection.
13 Sacramento County instead of Sonoma County has been given by mistake in the original description, and for the same specimen, Sonora County in the plate reference.
14 As the figured specimen of this species is probably lost, having been sent to McNeill, we have chosen a specimen from the first definite locality given as the single type.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 81
Melanoplus angelicus (p. 202).
Described from two male specimens from the same locality. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Los Angeles, California; Coquillett; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Melanoplus impudicus (p. 204).
Based on one male and two female specimens from two localities.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; Georgia; Morri- son; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus nitidus (p. 207).
Based on a pair from two localities.
Single type here designated : unique figured c? ; Tepic, Jalisco, Mexico, November; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus indigens (p. 211).
Described from a single male: figured; Salmon City, Lemhi County, Idaho, August, [1883]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus gillettei (p. 215).
Based on two males from the same locality.
Single type here designated : figured cf ; Rabbit Ears Pass, Colorado, elevation about 10,000 feet, July 20; C. P. Gillette;
Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus artemisle (p. 217).
Based on four male and ten female specimens from a single locality. Single type here designated: figured c? ; Salmon City, Lemhi County, Idaho, August, [1888]; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus cancri (p. 219).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; Cape St. Lucas, Lower California; J. Xantus; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus reflexus (p. 221).
Described from a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured o* ; Ciudad del Maiz, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus meridionalis (p. 223).
Based on three males and eight females from a single locality. Single type here designated: figured d" ; Mount Alvarez, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer: Scudder Collection. 0
82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Melanoplus militaris (p. 224).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured cf ; Soldier, Logan County, Idaho; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus gladstoni (p. 229).
Based on eighteen males and nine females from five localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Medicine Hat, Assiniboia, September, [1882]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus palmeri (p. 230).
Based on four specimens of each sex from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Fort Whipple, Yavapai County, Arizona; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus walshii (p. 235).
Based on one male and seven female specimens from three localities. Single type here designated:15 9 ; Rock Island, Illinois; B. D. Walsh; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus gracilipes (p. 238).
Based on three males and one female from one locality. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Los Angeles, California: Coquillett; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus geniculatus (p. 239).
Described from a pair from Mexico.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; Mexico; from W. S. Blatchley; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus tenuipennis (p. 244).
Based on three males and five females from five localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Los Angeles, California; Coquillett; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus missionum (p. 246).
Based on two males and one female from a single locality. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Los Angeles [County]. California, [July]; Coquillett; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus fusctpes (p. 247).
Based on six male and four female specimens from five localities.
15 The unfigured female from Walsh is chosen as single type in accord with Scudder's notes. We have, however, examined the eight specimens and find them to be the same species.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 83
Single type here designated : figured cf ; between San Luis Obispo and San Simeon Bay, California; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus scitulus (p. 249).
Based on two males and one female from one locality. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Mount Alvarez, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus inornatus (p. 254).
Based on one male and two females from probably two localities. Single type here designated:16 9 ; Montelovez, Coahuila, Mexico, (September 20); E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus viridipes (p. 255).
Based on twelve males and thirteen females from six localities.
Single type here designated: figured d71 ; Moline, Rock Island County, Illinois; [June 5, 1888]; McNeill; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus decorus (p. 257).
Based on two males from the same locality.
Single type here designated : figured d71 ; Pungo Bluff (Dingo Bluff sic), North Carolina, November 15, [1876]; Parker [and] Maynard; Scudder Collection..
Melanoplus attenuatus (p. 259).
Based on three male specimens from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured d" ; Smithville. Brunswick County, North Carolina, November 22, [1876]; [Parker and] May- nard; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus amplectens (p. 260).
Based on a single male: figured; Bee Spring, Edmonson County, Kentucky, June 14-15; F. G. Sanborn; Mus. Comp. Zool. Col- lection.
Melanoplus saltator (p. 261).
Based on ten male and fourteen female specimens from four localities.
Single type here designated: figured d" ; Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon; Packard; Scudder Collection.
16 In this instance the unique figured male was sent to McNeill; the specimen had no data.
84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Melanoplus juvencus (p. 266).
Described from a single male: figured; no data on specimen marked figured, in original description "Fort Reed, Orange County, Florida, April 8; Comstock" is given. Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus alleni (p. 273).
Based on two male specimens from two localities. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Crawford County, Iowa; July 13-24; J. A. Allen; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus snowii (p. 274).
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured d" ; Magdalena, Socorro County, New Mexico, July; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Melanoplus propinquus (p. 285).
Based on seventy-seven males and eighty-seven females from thirteen localities.
Single type here designated: figured c? ; Fort Reed, Orange County, Florida, April 23, [1876]; J. H. Comstock; Scudder Col- lection.
Melanoplus monticola (p. 290).
Based on two pairs from a single locality. ' Single type here designated : figured d" ; Sierra Blanca, Colorado, above timber, elevation 12,000-13,000 feet, August 29, 1877; S. H. Scudder; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus bispinosus (p. 292).
Based on three males and two females from three localities.
Single type here designated :17 cf ; Tiger Mills, Burnet County, Texas; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus terminalis (p. 293).
Based on five males from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured d" ; Gulf Coast of Texas; Aaron; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus cyanipes (p. 295).
Based on fifteen male and nine female specimens from four localities.
17 A male from the first definite locality is chosen because the figured specimen from the Bruner Collection has been destroyed.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 85
Single type here designated: figured c? ; Pasadena, Los Angeles County, California, October 23; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus complanatipes (p. 298).
Based on two males and three females from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured cT ; Cape St. Lucas, Lower California; J. Xantus; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus canonicus (p. 300).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf ; Grand Canyon of the Colorado, Arizona, July 10, [1892]; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus comptus (p. 302).
Based on two males from different localities.
Single type here designated : figured <? ; Sidney, Cheyenne County, Nebraska, August 25; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus coccineipes (p. 303).
Based on twenty-eight males and thirty-one females from seventeen localities.
Single type here designated : figured cf ; Sand Hills, Nebraska, July; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus impiger (p. 306).
Based on sixteen males and thirty-six females from nine localities. Single type here designated: figured cf ; Barber County, Kansas; Cragin; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus corpulentus (p. 313).
Based on nineteen male and fifteen female specimens from seven localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Sierra de San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus conspersus (p. 315).
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated : unique figured cf ; Southwest Nebraska; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus compactus (p. 316).
Based on two pairs from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Dakota; U. S. N. M. Collection.
86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Melanoplus variabilis (p. 319).
Based on two pairs from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; City of Mexico, Mexico, November, [1887]; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus lepidus (p. 321).
Based on six males and seven females from three localities.
Single type here designated : figured c? ; Truckee, Nevada County, California, October 10; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus inops (p. 329).
Described from a unique male: figured; Florida; Pridday; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus paroxyoides (p. 331).
Based on three males and four females from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured d\; Key West, Florida; Morrison; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus alpinus (p. 333).
Described from thirteen males and eleven females from three localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Henry Lake, Idaho, August; L. Bruner; IT. S. N. M. Collection.
Melanoplus confusus (p. 339).
Based on one male and three females from two localities.
Single type here designated : unique figured cf ; Munsons Hill (Kentucky?), July 12; Mus. Comp. Zool. Collection.
Melanoplus furcatus (p. 358).
Based on one pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured cT ; Jacksonville, Duval County, Florida; Pridday; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus thomasi (p. 368).
Based on a unique male: figured; Lerdo, Durango, Mexico, November; L. Bruner; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus olivaceus (p. 370).
Described from three males and two females from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Los Angeles, California, July, [1886]; Coquillett; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
Melanoplus arboreus (p. 372).
Described from six males and two females from three localities.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 87
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Dallas, Texas; Boll; Scudder Collection.
PCECILOTETTIX SANGUINEUS (p. 387).
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured c? ; Bradshaw Mountain, Arizona, June 21; A. B. Cordley; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
POECILOTETTIX COCCINATUS (p. 389).
Based on one male and three females from the same locality. Single type here designated : unique figured cf ; Los Angeles [County], California, [July]; Coquillett: U. S. N. M. Collection. .
IV. "Supplement to a Revision of the Melanopli," by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. (Proc. Davenport Academy of Nat. Sci., Davenport, Iowa. Vol. VII, pp. 157-205, plates VII-IX, 1899.)
In the paper here considered we find all but four of the species described, with the specimens which should be chosen as lectotypes, in the Scudder Collection; of the four remaining, the lectotypes of two should be chosen from the Morse Collection, one from the Hancock Collection, and one from the Collection of C. F. Baker; the last two alone have not been personally examined by the authors.
The method followed is the same as in the Revision of the Melanopli, where figures are given in the present paper; so that the choice of the lectotype is likewise more easy and satisfactory than usual.
Although the first sets of all the material collected on the Pacific Coast in 1897 by Professor Morse and described in this paper by Mr. Scudder were to go to the author, the large series of many species remaining are all the property of Professor Morse.
PODISMA POLITA (p. 158).
Based on nineteen males and eight females from a single locality.
Single type here designated : figured d71 ; Divide (nee Cottage Grove), Lane County, Oregon, September 12, [1897]: A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus blandus (p. 161).
Based on seven males from one locality.
Single type here designated : figured d" ; summit of Mount
88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Wilson {nee Altadena), Los Angeles County, California, July 28, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus incisus (p. 163).
Described from a unique male; Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado, August 11; C. F. Baker; C. F. Baker Collection.
Melanoplus femur-nigrum (p. 165).
Based on thirteen males and one female from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; San Francisco Moun- tains, near Flagstaff, Coconino County, Arizona, July 30, [1897]; Dr. J. L. Hancock; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus varicus (p. 168).
Described from fourteen males and six females from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Tehachapi, Kern County, California, August 2, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus immunis (p. 170).
Described from two males and one female from one locality. Single type here designated: cf ; Mary's Peak, Benton County, Oregon, September 16, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus acutus (p. 171).
Described from two males and one female from one locality. Single type here designated: cf ; Brown's Valley, Traverse County, Minnesota, October 26; 0. Lugger; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus usitatus (p. 172).
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated : unique cf ; Corvallis, Benton County, Oregon, June 9, [1895]; A. B. Cordley; Morse Collection.
Melanoplus pinctus (p. 175).
Based on seven pairs from three localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; San Diego, California, July 22, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus truncatus (p. 177).
Described from six males and one female from the same locality.
Single type here designated : figured cf ; San Francisco Moun- tains, ([near] Flagstaff), Coconino County, Arizona, July 31, [error pro 30], [1897]; Dr. J. L. Hancock; Scudder Collection.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 89
Melanoplus phcetaliotiformis (p. 179).
Described from nineteen males and fourteen females from a single locality.
Single type here designated : figured cf ; Gazelle, Siskiyou County, California, September 5, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus incultus (p. 181).
Described from four males and two females from two localities. Single type here designated: figured c? ; foothills five miles west of Fort Collins, Colorado, July 10; -C. F. Baker; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus franciscanus (p. 183).
Described from forty-eight males and twenty-one females from a single locality.
Single type here designated : figured cf ; San Francisco Moun- tains ([near] Flagstaff), Coconino County, Arizona, July 30, [1897]; Dr. J. L. Hancock: Hancock Collection.
Melanoplus ablutus (p. 185).
Based on two males and nine females from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf ; Wawona, Mariposa County, California, August 13, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus nanus (p. 187).
Based on twenty-seven males and twenty-two females from four localities.
Single type here designated: figured d71 ; Berkeley, Alameda County, California, August 21, [error pro 20], [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus ligneolus (p. 188).
Based on eight pairs from two localities.
Single type here designated: figured d71 ; Benicia, Solano County, California, August 26, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus dealbatus (p. 190).
Based on five males and thirteen females from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured d71 ; Ceres, Stanislaus County, California, August 17, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Col- lection.
Melanoplus pilatus (p. 192).
Based on one pair from two localities.
90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Single type here designated: unique cf18; mouth of Big South River, Larimer County, Colorado, elevation 8,000 feet, August 3; C. F. Baker; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus ascensus (p. 196).
Based on five males from two localities.
Single type here designated : figured c? ; Mount Shasta, Northern California, just below the forest line, September 2, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus validus (p. 197). ■
Based on forty-three males and females from three localities.
Single type here designated : figured d71 ; Grant's Pass, Josephine County, Oregon, September 8, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Col- lection.
Melanoplus algidus (p. 199).
Based on thirty-six pairs from the same locality.
Single type here designated: figured d71 ; Mary's Peak, Benton County, Oregon, September 16, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Melanoplus debilis (p. 201).
Described from twenty males and twenty-six females from two localities.
Single .type here designated: figured d" ; Ashland, Jackson County, Oregon, September 7, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Col- lection.
Melanoplus calidus (p. 203).
Described from a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique cf ; Oilman's Ranch, Eagle Creek, White Mountains, Lincoln County, New Mexico, elevation 7,000 feet, August 10-16, [1897]; E. O. Wooton; Morse Collection.
V. "Short Studies of North American Tryxalin^e," by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. (Proc. American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol. XXXV, pp. 41-57, 1899.)
The lectotypes here chosen of all the new species described in the paper before us are in the Scudder Collection and have been examined by the authors.
18 The female of this species has been figured, but the importance of the other sex in this genus makes it advisable to choose the unique unfigured male as the lecto*ype.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 91
As is the case with other material collected by Professor Morse in 1897 and described by Mr. Scudder, the first sets of specimens of new species taken by Professor Morse are in the Scudder Collection while the remaining large series are in the Morse Collection-
Mermiria intertexta (p. 42).
Described from two pairs from two localities. Single type here designated : cf ; Georgia ; Morrison ; Scudder Collection.
Mermiria vigilans (p. 43).
Described from two males and four females from a single locality.
Single type here designated: cf ; Smithville, North Carolina, November 22, [1876]; [Parker and Maynard]; Scudder Collection.
Acentetus carinatus (p. 45).
Based on a unique male; Florissant, Colorado, August 17-22, [1877]; (S. H. Scudder); Scudder Collection.
Opeia testacea (p. 46).
Described from twenty-five males and seventeen females from four localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; Lancaster, California, August 1, 1897; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
(Eonomus altus (p. 47).
Based on fifteen males and nine females from a single locality.
Single type here designated: cf ; Mount Wilson, [nee Altadena], California, elevation 2,400 feet, July 27, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Horesidotes cinereus (p. 49).
Described from nineteen male and eleven female specimens from two localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; (Palm Canon), Palm Springs, California, July 13, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Stenobothrus oregonensis (p. 50).
Described from numerous specimens from thirteen localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; Divide, Oregon,19 September 12, [1897]; A.P.Morse; Scudder Collection.
19 A specimen from this locality was chosen as the single type owing to the fact that Divide, Oregon, is about the middle of the northward and southward range of this species.
92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.r
Stirapleura pusilla (p. 52).
Based on eighty-nine males and eighty females from seventeen localities.
Single type here designated: c? ; Mesilla, New Mexico, July 1, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Stirapleura tenuicarina (p. 53).
Described from a unique female; Sierra Blanca, El Paso County, Texas, June 26, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
AULOCARA RUFUM (p. 55).
Based on five males and four females from one locality. Single type here designated: c? ; Pueblo, Colorado, August 30-31, [1877], [elevation 4,700 feet]; Scudder Collection.
AULOCARA FEMORATUM (p. 55).
Described from five males from four localities. Single type here designated: cf ; Lakin, Kansas, September 1, [1877], [elevation 3,000 feet]; Scudder Collection.
AULOCARA PARALLELUM (p. 57).
Described from a pair from the same locality. Single type here designated: unique d71 ; Salt Lake Valley, Utah, August 1-4; Scudder Collection.
VI. " The Orthopteran Genus Schistocerca," by Samuel Hub- bard Scudder. (Proc. American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol. XXXIV, pp. 441-476, 1899.)
There are twenty-three species described as new in the paper before us; of these we have found it advisable to choose the lecto- typic specimens of nineteen of the new species from the Scudder Collection and the remaining four from the Hebard Collection, ex Bruner. The majority of specimens upon which these descriptions are based are dried alcoholics and many are, moreover, in very poor condition. In a few cases these factors have been consequently of more importance than usual in selecting a specimen from the type series as single type. There are no figures whatever. The labelling is the same as in "The North American Ceuthophili," the second paper treated in the present series, the date 1899, of course, being- used. The exact location of the material is given as chiefly from the Scudder Collection.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 93
SCHISTOCERCA GRACILIS (p. 447).
Described from a unique male; South America; Scudder Col- lection.
SCHISTOCERCA AURANTIA (p. 448).
Based on one male and eight females from four localities. Single type here designated: 920; Merida [nee Meriden], Yucatan; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA CARINATA (p. 449).
Based on a series of one male and six females from four localities. Single type here designated: 921; Vera Cruz, Mexico; Heyde; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
SCHISTOCERCA CROCOTARIA (p. 450).
Described from a series of five females from two localities. Single type here designated: 9 ; Chontales, Nicaragua; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA INTERRITA (p. 450).
Based on two females from Peru.
Single type here designated: 9 ; Peru; H. Edwards; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA CAMERATA (p. 451).
Described from a series of three females from one locality. Single type here designated: 9 ; Sinaloa, Mexico; Koels; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA MELLEA (p. 452).
Described from a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: unique cf ; Vera Cruz, Mexico; Heyde; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
SCHISTOCERCA ZAPOTECA (p. 453).
Based on twenty-one males and thirteen females from five localities. Single type here designated: cT ; Venis Mecas, Mexico, January 6; Palmer; Scudder Collection.
20 This specimen is chosen as single type as it comes from the first definite locality and is in much better condition than the other specimens of the typical series.
21 This specimen is chosen as the single type as it fits the description perfectly, is in good condition and comes from a definite locality; it is the only specimen of the typical series which is satisfactory in all of these respects.
94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
SCHISTOCERCA PYRAMID ATA (p. 454).
• . Described from two males and five females from one locality.
Single type here designated: d71 ; Cuernavaca, Mexico; Barrett;. Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA DESILIENS (p. 455).
Described from one male and four females from two localities. Single type here designated: unique d" ; . Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, November; Scudder Collection, (from Mus. Comp. Zool.).
SCHISTOCERCA INFUMATA (p. 457 I.
Described from seven male and three female specimens from two localities.
Single type here designated : c? ; Montevideo, Uruguay ; Meyer- Diir; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA ^QUALIS (p. 458).
Based on two males from the same locality.
Single type here designated: d" ; Demerara, British Guiana; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA MAYA (p. 458).
Based on three males from two localities.
Single type here designated: d* ; Venis Mecas, Mexico, January 6; Palmer; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA GULOSA (p. 459).
Based *on a single female; Demerara, British Guiana; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA BOGOTENSIS (p. 460).
Described from two females from a single locality. Single type here designated: 9 ; Bogota, Columbia; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA IDONEA (p. 461).
Based on^three females from the same locality. Single type here designated: 5 ; Chapada [nee Crapada], Brazil, July-August; Scudder Collection, (from Mus. Comp. Zool.).
SCHISTOCERCA SONORENSIS (p. 463).
Based on two males from a single locality.
Single type here^ designated: cf ; Sonora, Mexico; Schott; Scudder Collection.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 95
SCHISTOCERCA LINEATA (p. 465).
Based on two males and ten females from five localities. Single type here designated: d1 ; Barber County, Kansas; Cragin; Hebard Collection; ex Bruner.
SCHISTOCERCA VENUSTA (p. 467).
Described from twenty-two males and sixteen females from twelve localities.
Single type here designated: c?22; Indio, California, July 9, 1897; Morse; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA MEXICANA (p. 468).
Described from a single male; Sinaloa, Mexico; Koels; Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA SEPARATA (p. 469).
Described from one male and two females from two localities. Single type here designated : unique cf ; Chontales, Nicaragua ;. Scudder Collection.
SCHISTOCERCA OBLIQUATA (p. 470).
Based on one male and two females from a single locality. Single type here designated : unique c? ; San Jose del Cabo. Lower California, Mexico; Hebard Collection, ex Bruner.
SCHISTOCERCA PERTURBANS (p. 471).
Based on five female specimens from three localities. Single type here designated: 9 ; Paramaribo, Dutch Guiana; Richardson; Scudder Collection, (from Mus. Comp. Zool.).
VII. "The Species of the Orthopteran Genus Derotmema," by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. (Proc. American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol. XXXV, pp. 387-395, 1900.)
In the short paper before us we find all of the species described ; with the specimens which should be chosen as lectotypes, in the Scudder Collection, and all of the specimens so chosen in the present paper have been examined by the authors.
The first sets of all the material collected on the Pacific Coast in 1897 by Professor Morse and described in this paper by Mr. Scudder were to go to the author, the great majority of remaining specimens were to go to Professor Morse.
22 This specimen is chosen as the single type as it is in the best of condition and is in accord with the description throughout.
96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Derotmema laticinctum (p. 389).
Based on thirty males and twenty-eight females from five localities.
Single type here designated:23 cf ; Mesilla, New Mexico, June 30, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Derotmema delicatulum (p. 390).
Based on five males and three females from three localities.
Single type here designated: d* ; Lancaster, California, July 31, [1897]; A. P. Morse; Scudder Collection.
Derotmema saussureanum (p. 391).
Based on forty-five males and thirty-four females from eight localities.
Single type here designated: d\; San Bernardino, California, July 16, [1897]; A. P. Morse; the type specimen has blue wings. Scudder Collection.
Derotmema lentiginosum (p. 393).
Based on ten males and two females from two localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; South Park, Colorado, August 11-16, [1877], [Altitude 8,000-10,000 feet]; (S. H. Scudder); Scudder Collection.
Derotmema lichenosum (p. 394).
Based on forty males and fourteen females from ten localities.
Single type here designated: cf ; Alkali [Stage Station, Green River], Wyoming, July 27, [1877], [elevation 6,000 feet]; (S. H. Scudder); Scudder Collection.
SECTION TWO.
In this section of the series of Single Type papers it has been decided to treat the North American species which have been de- scribed by the authors. -It has seemed best to consider these all in one paper, not making divisions of the different papers in which the new species were described, owing to the frequent brevity and con- siderable number of such papers. In the present paper we have few of the difficulties to contend with which we encountered and dis- cussed in Section One of this series of articles, because it has always been the custom of the authors to describe new species from one specimen, if but one sex of a new species was at hand, and from two
23 There is no male specimen in the typical series from Las Cruces, New Mexico, the first locality given in the original description.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 97
specimens, one of each sex, if both sexes were available. It is consequently evident that, among the species at present under consideration, a great number will be found already limited to a single type, and the present limitations of the others consist merely in determining which sex should be selected as single type. There is but one case, that of Homceogamia subdiaphana mohavensis, where, in the original description, the limitation was accidentally over- looked. The present paper falls naturally into two portions. The first of these treats those species which have been described by the senior author; there are forty-five of these, of which twenty-four are located in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, eleven in the Collection of the University of Kansas, six in the Kebard Collection and two each in the United States National Museum and the Museum of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. The second portion treats those species described jointly by the authors of the present paper; there are thirty-eight of these, thirty- four in the Hebard Collection, three in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and one in the United States National Museum. The nomenclature given will be that of the original description, as these papers are not intended to be at all revisionary; the names generally conceded to be absolute synonyms, however, have been omitted.
Part One — Species of North American Orthoptera described
by James A. G. Rehn.
ISCHNOPTERA JOHNSONI.
Ent, News, Vol. XIV, p. 234, 1903.
Based on a unique male from St. Augustine, Florida; C. W. Johnson; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Homceogamia erratica.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1903, p. 187.
Described from one male from Prescott, Arizona, June 10, 1902; Oslar; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Chorisoneura plocea.
Ent, News, Vol. XV, p. 164, 1904.
Described from a unique female from the coast of South Carolina [probably near Charleston] ;24 Hebard Collection.
21 Brackets are used in the present paper wherever additional data is given to that contained in the original description.
7
98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.r
LlTANEUTRIA SKINNERI.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 26, fig. 1.
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: figured cT type; Can* Canyon,. Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, August, 1905; Dr. H. Skinner; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Stagmomantis GRACILIPES.
Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 67, figs. 15, 16.
Described from a unique figured male from the Baboquivari Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, August, 1906; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Vates townsendi.
Proc. U. S. Nat, Mus., Vol. XXVII, p. 573, 1904.
Described from a unique female taken at Zapotlan, Jalisco, Mexico, July 8, 1902; C. H. T. Townsend; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Sermyle arbusctjla.
Can. Ent., Vol. XXXIV, p. 141, 1902.
Based on a unique female taken at San Diego, California, May 7,. 1901; G. W. Dunn; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Prorocorypha snowi.
Kan, Univ. Sci. Bull, Vol. V, No. 17, p. 301, PI. LXIII, two figs.,. 1912.
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique, figured, nearly adult cf type;. Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona, elevation 5,000-8,000 feet, June, 1907; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
CORDILLACRIS PIMA.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 69, figs. 17, 18.
Based on a unique female specimen from the Baboquivari Moun- tains, Pima County, Arizona, 1906; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Platybothrus alticola.
Ent. News, Vol. XVII, p. 284, 1906.
Described from one male from the Beaver Range Mountains,. Beaver and Piute Counties, Utah, elevation 8,000-10,000 feet;. Brooklvn Institute of Arts' and Sciences Collection.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 99*
Arphia CANORA.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1904, p. 564. Based on a pair from different localities.
Single type here designated: & type; Salt Lake City, Utah; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Arphia ramona.
Can. Ent, Vol. XXXIV, p. 142, 1902.
Based on a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: cf type; San Diego, California, April 4, 1901; G. W. Dunn; A. N. S. P. Collection.
HlPPISCUS SIERRA.
Ent. News, Vol. XVIII, p. 350, 1907.
Described from a unique female taken on Mount Tyndall, Tulare County, California, elevation 12,000 feet; C. F. Baker; A. N. S. P. Collection.
SCIRTETICA RITENSIS.
Kan. Univ. Sci. Bull, Vol. V, No. 17, PI. LXIII, four figs., 1910.
Based on a unique female specimen from the Santa Rita Moun- tains, Arizona, elevation 5,000-8,000 feet, July, 1907; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
CONOZOA CARINATA.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 38, figs. 2, 3.
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf type; Carr Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, August, 1905; Dr. H. Skinner; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Trimerotropis arenaceus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1910, p. 13, fig. 1.
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: figured <? type; Springfield, Bingham County, Idaho, July 25, 1906; Dr. H. Skinner; A. N. S. P. Col- lection.
Trimerotropis magnifica.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 42, figs. 4, 5.
Described from a unique male specimen from Carr Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, August, 1905: Dr. H. Skinner; A. N. S. P. Collection.
100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Trimerotropis RUBRIPES.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1904, p. 568.
Described from a unique female specimen from Albuquerque, New Mexico, July 15, 1902; Oslar; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Trimerotropis snowi.
Proc. Kan. Acad. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. 223, 1905.
Based on a single female from Congress Junction, Yavapai County, Arizona; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Phrynotettix taosanus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1902, p. 597.
Described from a single female specimen from the Taos Valley, Taos County, New Mexico; June, 1883; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Conalcea huachucana.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 48, figs. 6, 7.
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured o71 type; Carr Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, September 28, 1908; C. R. Biederman; Hebard Collection.
EOTETTIX HEBARDI.
Ent. News, Vol. XVII, p. 234, figs. 1, 2, 1906. Based on a unique male from Tyty Plantation, Thomas County, Georgia, January 6, 1906; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Bradynotes excelsa.
Ent. News, Vol. XVIII, p. 352, 1907.
Described from a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: a71 type; Mount Tyndall, Tulare County, California, elevation 12,000 feet; C. F. Baker; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Melanoplus destjltorius.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 51, figs. 8, 9.
Described from a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf type; Carr Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, September 24, 1905; C. R. Biederman; Hebard Collection.
Melanoplus stonei.
Ent. News, Vol. XV, p. 85, 1904. Based on a pair from a single locality.
1912.1 NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 101
Single type here designated: cf type; between Harris and White Horse, Burlington County, New Jersey, August 13, 1902; Witmer Stone and Rehn; A. N. S. P. Collection.
APTENOPEDES CLARA.
Ent. News, Vol. XIII, p. 14, 1902.
Described from one male taken at Miami, Dade County, Florida, January 18, 1899; S. N. Rhoads; A. N. S. P. Collection, ex Rehn.
DlCHOPETALA L.EVIS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sct. Phila., 1907, p. 56, fig. 10.
Described from a unique female from Carr Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, August, 1905; Dr. H. Skinner; A. N. S. P. Collection.
HORMILIA APACHE.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 58, figs. 11, 12.
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured d1 type; Carr Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, August, 1905; Dr. H. Skinner; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Areth^a sellata.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 61, figs. 13, 14.
Described from a single male from Palmerlee, Cochise County, Arizona, July 30, 1905; C. Schaeffer; Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences Collection.
Drymadlsa arizonensis.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1904, p. 573.
Based on a unique male from Florence, Arizona, 1903; C. R. Biederman; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Plagiostira gracilis.
Proc. Kan. Acad. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. 227, 1905. Based on a unique female from Bill Williams Fork, Arizona, August; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Stipator grandis.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1904, p. 544.
Described from one female from Alta Mira, Tamaulipas, Mexico, June 27, 1903; M. E. Hoag; A. N. S. P. Collection.
102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Stenopelmatus TERRENUS.
Ent. News, Vol. XIII, p. 240, 1902.
Based on a unique female from Texas; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Ceuthophilus lamellipes.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 78, fig. 19. Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf type; Phoenix, Arizona, November 18, 1903; R. E. Kunze; Hebard Collection.
Ceuthophilus paucispinosus.
Proc. Kan. Acad. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. 227, 1905.
Described from a unique female from Southern Arizona, August, 1902; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Ceuthophilus tuckeri.
Ent. Neivs, Vol. XVIII, p. 445, text fig., 1907. Based on a unique male from Lawrence, Kansas, October, at night ; E. S. Tucker; University of Kansas Collection.
Pristoceuthophilus marmoratus.
Ent. News, Vol. XV, p. 280, 1904.
Based on a unique male from the mountains near Claremont, California; C. F. Baker; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Phrixocnemis franciscanus.
Proc. Kan. Acad. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. 228, 1905.
Based on a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: unique cf type; Humphrey's Peak, Coconino County, Arizona, at base of mountain, elevation 9,500 feet; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Phrixocnemis hastiferus.
Ent. News, Vol. XIII, p. 241, 1902.
Based on a unique female from Arizona; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Phrixocnemis inhabilis.
Ent. News, Vol. XV, p. 282, 1901.
Described from a unique female specimen taken at St. Louis, Missouri, November 15, 1903; C. L. Heink; Hebard Collection.
Phrixocnemis socorrensis.
Proc. Kan. Acad. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. 229, 1905. Based on a pair from a single locality.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 103
Single type here designated: unique cf type; Magdalena Moun- tains, Socorro County, New Mexico, August, 1894; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Udeopsylla serrata.
Proc. Kan. Acad. Sci., Vol. XIX, p. 230, 1905. Based on a single male from Southern Arizona, August, 1902; F. H. Snow; University of Kansas Collection.
Udeopsylla vierecki.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1902, p. 725. Described from a unique male (?) from Cloudcroft, Otero County, New Mexico, May 27, 1902; H. L. Viereck; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Gryllus alogus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1902, p. 726.
Based on a unique female taken at Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1902; T. D..A. Cockerell; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Falcicula hebardi.
Ent. News, Vol. XIV, p. 258, 1903.
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique, subsequently figured25 <? type; Thomasville, Georgia, April 17, 1903; Hebard; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Part Two — Species of North American Orthoptera described by James A. G. Rehn and Morgan Hebard.
Ischnoptera notha.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1910, p. 442, fig. 21. Based on a pair from different localities.
Single type here designated: figured cf type; Huachuca Moun- tains, Arizona, August 22, 1903; Oslar; U. S. N. M. Collection.
Temnopteryx deserts.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 116, fig. 1.
Described from a unique female from Johnstone, Valverde County, Texas, July 8, 1907, under boulder on bare desert; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
25 Entomological News, Vol. XIV, p. 302, 1903.
104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
TSCHNOPTERA INSOLITA.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1910, p. 450, fig. 27. Described from a pair from different localities. Single type here designated: figured cf type; Shovel Mountain, Texas, June 21, 1901; F. G. Schaupp; A. N. S. P. Collection.
HOMOSOGAMIA SUBDIAPHANA MOHAVENSIS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 415.
Based on four males from the same locality.
Single type here designated: cf ; Cottonwood, San Bernardino County, California, September 9, 1907, on train attracted to light; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Yersinia sophronica.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1908, p. 369, figs. 1, 2.
Based on a unique female specimen from Sonora Road Canyon, Tucson Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, elevation 3,000 feet, July 25, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Stagmomantis californica.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 416, figs. 1, 2.
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured 9 type; Cottonwood, San Bernardino County, California, September 9, 1907, on train attracted to light; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
DlAPHEROMERA (CeRATITES) COVILLE^}.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 127, figs. 5, 6, 9.
Based on a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: unique figured cf type; Franklin Mountains, El Paso County, Texas, elevation 4,500 feet, July 9, 1907, on greasewood, Covillea tridentata; Rehn; Hebard Collection.
PSEUDOSERMYLE TENUIS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 121, figs. 2, 3, 4.
Described from a unique male from the Franklin Mountains, El Paso County, Texas, elevation 4,500 feet, July 9, 1907, on wisp of dry grasses; Rehn; Hebard Collection.
Apotettix minutus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 34, PI. I, figs. 3, 4.
Based on a unique male specimen from Miami, Florida, February 6, 1904, damp spot near river; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 105'
MORSEA CALIFORNICA TAMALPAISENSIS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 421, figs. 3, 4.
Described from a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured d1 type; Mount Tamalpais, Marin County, California, August 23, 1907, on slopes, elevation 1,500-2,100 feet; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Parapomala acris.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1908, p. 371, figs. 3, 4.
Described from a unique male from Railroad Pass, Cochise County,. Arizona, July 23, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Parapomala perpallida.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1908, p. 373, figs. 5, 6.
Based on a unique male from the Bright Angel Trail, Grand Canyon of the Colorado, Coconino County, Arizona, elevation 3,750 feet, September 12, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Amphitornus nanus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1908, p. 376, fig. 7.
Described from a single male from the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, Coconino County, Arizona, elevation 7,000 feet, September 11, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
CORDILLACRIS APACHE.
Proc, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 139, figs. 10, [11].
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured 9 type; Silver City, Grant County, New Mexico, July 20, 1907; Rehn and Hebard; Hebard Collection.
CORDILLACRIS GRINNELLI.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 425, fig. 8.
Described from a single female from the South Fork of the Santa Ana River in the San Bernardino Mountains, California, elevation 6,200 feet, July 6, 1906; Dr. J. Grinnell; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Clinocephalus pulcher.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 36, PI. I, figs. 1, 2.
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured d" type; Miami, Florida, July 20, 1903; W. S. Dickinson; Hebard Collection.
106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
HORESIDOTES PAPAGENSIS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1908, p. 379, fig. 8.
Described from a unique female from the Sonora Road Canyon, Tucson Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, elevation 3,000 feet, July 25, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Ageneotettix sierranus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 429, figs. 9, [10].
Based on a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured c? type; Summit House, Madera County, California, September 3, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
■Chortophaga australior.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1910, p. 589, figs. 1, 2. Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: figured 9 type; Thomasville, Georgia, December 10, 1902; Hebard; A. N. S. P. Collection.
Encoptolophus robustus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 435, figs. 11, 12.
Based on a unique female from the Los Angeles River, Los Angeles, •California, August 24, 1907; O. Poling; Hebard Collection.
Trimerotropis bilobata.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1906, p. 362, figs. 11, [12]. Described from a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured 9 type; Antlers, Mesa 'County, Colorado, August 15, 1904; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
ClRCOTETTIX RABULA.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1906, p. 393, figs. 13, [14].
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured 9 type; summit of hills at head of Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park, Wyo- ming, elevation 7,000 feet, August 8, 1904; Hebard; Hebard Col- lection.
'ClRCOTETTIX SPLENDIDUS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 456, figs. 13, [14].
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique, figured d71 type; Mount
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 107
Lowe, San Gabriel Mountains, California, elevation 5,300 feet, August 8, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Campylacantha lamprotata.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 157, figs. 12, 13, 14. Based on a unique male from Hijito, Valverde County, Texas, July 8, 1907; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
PODISMA ORE AS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1906, p. 402, figs. 15, 16.
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: unique, figured cf type: summit of foothills of Gallatin Range, Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, elevation 7,000 feet, August 5, 1904; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Amblycorypha floridana.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 42, PI. I, fig. 5.
Based on a pair from different localities.
Single type here designated: figured 9 type; Miami, Florida, July 20, 1903; W. S. Dickinson; Hebard Collection.
MlCROCENTRUM ROSTRATUM.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 43, PI. I, figs. 6, 7. Described from a single female from Miami, Florida, March 16, 1903; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
CONOCEPHALUS LYRISTES.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 45, PI. I, figs. 8, 9. Based on a unique male specimen from Chokoloskee, Monroe County, Florida; Hebard Collection.
CONOCEPHALUS MELANORHINUS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 304, figs. 1, 2. Described from a unique female from Cedar Keys, Levy County, Florida, August 12, 1905; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
CONOCEPHALUS HOPLOMACHUS.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 46, PI. I, figs. 10, 11. Based on a single female specimen from Chokoloskee, Monroe County, Florida, May; Hebard Collection.
108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Orchelimum FIDICINIUM.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 309, figs. 7, 8.
Described from a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: figured cf type; Cedar Keys, Levy County, Florida, August 15, 1905, in flooded salt marsh; Hebard; Hebarcl Collection.
Orchelimum militare.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 311, fig. 10.
Based on a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: unique, figured cf type; Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida, August 17, 1905, marshy sink-hole in pine woods; Rehn and Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Orchelimum molossum.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. -Phila., 1907, p. 307, figs. 4, 5.
Based on a pair from different localities.
Single type here designated: figured c? type; Pablo Beach, Duval County, Florida, August 13, 1905, in grass along railroad tracks; Rehn and Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Aglaothorax sierranus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 476, figs. 15, 16, 19.
Based on a pair from the Yosemite National Park.
Single type here designated: figured c? type; Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California, elevation 4,500 feet, September 1, 1907, hiding against bark on trunk of conifer several feet from ground; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Ateloplus macroscelus.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1909, p. 169, fig. 17.
Described from a unique female specimen from El Paso, Texas, July 11, 1907, on Greasewood, Covillea tridentata; Rehn; Hebard Collection.
Ceuthophilus virgatipes.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1904, p. 798.
Based on a pair from a single locality.
Single type here designated: cf type; Thomasville, Georgia, August 13, 1903, in heavy swamp; for Hebard by Emmanuel, (negro) ; Hebard Collection.
1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 109
LlPHOPLUS ZEBRA.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 49, PI. I, fig. 12. Described from a single male taken at Miami, Florida, February 6,1904; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
Nemobius palustris aurantius.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1910, p. 597.
Described from a pair from the same locality.
Single type here designated: d1 type; Thomasville, Georgia, December 6, 1903, in sphagnum mosses in swampy spot; Hebard; Hebard Collection.
section three.
The Species described by Professor Lawrence Bruner in the
Biologia Centrali-Americana and located in the
Hebard Collection ex Bruner.
One hundred and sixteen of the one hundred and seventy-three species of Acrididse described by Professor Bruner in the Orthoptera portion of the Biologia Centrali-Americana26 are located in the Hebard Collection ex Bruner. In this series are included all but one of the thirty-four species described by him in that work whose range of distribution is known to extend north of the Mexican boundary. The authors are at present mainly interested in locating the single types of species which are found in North America north of the Mexican line, but the present paper treats all of those species whose single types should be located in the Hebard Collection ex Bruner. The types of the remaining fifty-seven species should be found distributed as follows: twenty-four in the Biologia Centrali- Americana Collection in the British Museum; sixteen in Professor Bruner's South American Collection; six in the Scudder Collection in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge; five in the United States National Museum; four in the Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh and two in the Museum of Ceneva. The nomenclature given in the original description is here used throughout, as this paper is not intended to be in any way revisionary.
Paropomala pallida (p. 40).
Based on three female specimens from a single locality.
Single type here designated: 9 ; Indio, California; H. F. Wickham.
28 Biologia Centrali-Americana, Orthoptera, II, pp. 19-342, 1901-1908.
110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Paropomala DISSIMILIS (p. 41).
Based on a single female from Southern California or Northern Mexico; Gustav Eisen.
Papagoa arizonensis (p. 42).
Described from a unique male from Southern California or North- ern Mexico; G. W. Dunn.
Syrbula pactfica (pp. 43, 44).
Based on two females from the same locality.
Single type here designated: 9 ; Tepic, Mexico; Eisen.
Syrbula modesta (pp. 44, 46).
Based on two pairs from a single locality.
Single type here designated : c? ; Grand Canon of the Colorado River, Arizona, [July 9, 1892]27; C. H. T. Townsend.
Acrolophitus variegatus (pp. 47, 48) Tab. I, fig. 3.
Based on an unspecified number of individuals from two localities. Single type here designated : figured cf ; Carrizo Springs, Dimmit County, Texas, [June, 1885]; A. Wadgymar.
Acrolophitus uniformis (p. 47).
Described from an unspecified number of specimens from various localities.
Single type here designated: 9 ; [Sterling, Colorado, July].
Mach^erocera pacifica (pp. 49, 51).
Based on numerous specimens of both sexes from one locality.
Single type here designated : cf ; Tepic, Mexico, not far from San Bias on Pacific Slope; Eisen.
SlLVITETTIX COMMUNIS (p. 56).
Based on numerous specimens from three localities. Single type here designated: cf ; Monte Redondo, Costa Rica, March, [1902]; Professor Lawrence Bruner.
Ochrotettix salinus (p. 56) Tab. I, figs. 4, 4a.
Described from an unspecified number of individuals from a single locality.
27 In the present paper all authentic informatkn given, which was not con- tained in the original description, is enclosed in brackets.
1912.1 NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. Ill
Single type here designated : figured <?; Salina Cruz, Tehuantepec, Mexico, [December, 1898]; C. C. Deam.
Leuconotus biolleyi (p. 57).
Based on five males from two localities.
Single type here designated: c ; Rio Grande, Costa Rica, eleva- tion 1,800 feet, [March 6, 1902]; Bruner.
Opeia imperfecta (p. 59).
Described from an unspecified number of specimens from three localities.
Single type here designated: c71 ; Jimulco, Mexico, November, [1887]; Bruner.
Opeia mexicana (pp. 59, 60).
Described from a unique female specimen from Tlalpam, near City of Mexico, Mexico, [November, 1887]; Bruner.
Opeia palmeri (pp. 59, 61).
Described from a pair from one locality.
Single type here designated: unique 9 ; Sierra de San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; E. Palmer.
Amblytropidia costaricensis (pp. 63, 66).
Based on a series of specimens from two localities.
Single type here designated: d71 ; San Jose, Costa Rica; Prof. P. Biolley.
Amblytropidia elongata (pp. 63, 68).
Described from a single female from Tepic, Mexico.
Thyriptilon vitripenne (p. 69).
Based on fourteen males and six females from a single locality. Single type here designated: d1 ; Valladolid, Yucatan; Gaumer.
Sisantum notochloris (p. 69) Tab. I, figs. 11, 11a.
Based on five males and two females from one locality.
Single type here designated: figured 9 ; Medellin, Vera Cruz, Mexico, September; Rev. T. Heyde.
Orphula meridionalis (p. 73).
Based on a single female from Pozo Azul, Costa Rica, May or June, 1902; M. A. Carriker, Jr.
112 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb.,
Orphulella graminea (pp. 75, 78).
Based on numerous specimens from one locality.
Single type here designated: c? ; Phoenix, Arizona; Kunze.
Orphulella meridionalis (pp. 77, 81).
Based on an unspecified number of specimens from one locality. Single type here designated: d1 ; [San Jose]; Costa Rica; Biolley.
Orphulella costaricensis (pp. 77, 82).
Described from an unspecified number of specimens from one locality. Single